Luft F C, McCarron D A
Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin-Nephrologie, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Annu Rev Med. 1991;42:347-55. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.002023.
Nonpharmacologic approaches to treating patients with hypertension are both medically worthwhile and laudable as a public health goal. Reduced salt intake has been the primary dietary measure, but now attention is being directed at potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the anions accompanying these cations. The importance of total caloric intake and of confounding dietary variables such as alcohol consumption are also being acknowledged. It is important to recognize that nutrients are not ingested in isolation, but as interactive constituents of a total diet. This principle may account for some of the heterogeneity of the human blood pressure response to variations of individual electrolyte intake. Moreover, failure to appreciate the heterogeneity and interactive influences may result in other than the desired effect in the population at risk.
对于高血压患者，非药物治疗方法在医学上是值得的，并且作为一项公共卫生目标也是值得称赞的。减少盐的摄入量一直是主要的饮食措施，但现在人们的注意力正转向钾、钙、镁以及伴随这些阳离子的阴离子。总热量摄入以及诸如饮酒等混杂饮食变量的重要性也得到了认可。必须认识到，营养素并非孤立摄入，而是作为整个饮食的相互作用成分。这一原则可能解释了人类血压对个体电解质摄入量变化反应的一些异质性。此外，未能认识到这种异质性和相互作用的影响可能会给高危人群带来非预期的效果。
