Development of a comprehensive operating room pharmacy.

The justification, implementation, and services of a comprehensive on-site operating room (OR) pharmacy are reviewed. Justification was accomplished through audits of controlled substance accountability, drug preparation, labeling and storage, and cost analyses of drug waste and potential savings. Implementation was achieved through the joint efforts of the Department of Anesthesia, Pharmacy, and Nursing. Services of the OR pharmacy are dynamic and include standardized drug preparation, case-by-case drug distribution and patient billing, controlled substance accountability, provision of drug information, and clinical research support. This pharmacy has proven cost effective and has become integral to the daily function of the OR.