Department of Applied Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2010 Apr;24(2):78-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.11.002. Epub 2009 Dec 5.
X-ray fluorescence microscopy was applied for two-dimensional elemental analysis of substantia nigra (SN) tissue. The samples representing Parkinson's disease (PD) and control cases were examined at HASYLAB beamline L and at ESRF beamline ID22. Two-dimensional mapping of P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se and Br was done with the spatial resolution of 15 and 5 microm. The masses per unit area of elements in neuromelanin reach nerve cells of SN were determined. The elemental data were processed using two multivariate techniques, namely cluster and discriminant analysis. The statistical methods were used for data reduction, both unsupervised and supervised classification as well as for the creation of a model that would simplify case identification based on the elemental analysis of SN tissue. The results of cluster analysis confirmed the statistical significance of the differences in elemental composition of PD and control SN nerve cells. Based on the results of discriminant analysis, the elements (P, Cl, Fe, Cu and Zn) that played the greatest role in the process of differentiation between neurons from examined groups were determined.
X 射线荧光显微镜被应用于对黑质（SN）组织的二维元素分析。在 HASYLAB 的 L 光束线和 ESRF 的 ID22 光束线上对代表帕金森病（PD）和对照病例的样本进行了检查。用空间分辨率为 15 和 5 微米进行了 P、S、Cl、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Se 和 Br 的二维映射。确定了单位面积内神经黑色素中元素的质量到达 SN 神经细胞。使用两种多元技术（即聚类和判别分析）对元素数据进行处理。统计方法用于数据减少，包括无监督和有监督分类以及创建一个基于 SN 组织的元素分析简化病例识别的模型。聚类分析的结果证实了 PD 和对照 SN 神经细胞元素组成差异的统计学意义。基于判别分析的结果，确定了在检查组神经元之间的分化过程中起最大作用的元素（P、Cl、Fe、Cu 和 Zn）。
