沙特健康绝经前后妇女的维生素 D 状态与肥胖、骨密度、骨转换标志物和维生素 D 受体基因型的关系。

Vitamin D status in relation to obesity, bone mineral density, bone turnover markers and vitamin D receptor genotypes in healthy Saudi pre- and postmenopausal women.

机构信息

Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box No. 20724, Jeddah, 21465, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Osteoporos Int. 2011 Feb;22(2):463-75. doi: 10.1007/s00198-010-1249-7. Epub 2010 Apr 30.

DOI:10.1007/s00198-010-1249-7

PMID:20431993

Abstract

UNLABELLED

The various factors that may contribute to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency were examined among healthy Saudi pre- and postmenopausal women. Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among studied Saudi women with obesity, poor sunlight exposure, poor dietary vitamin D supplementation and age as the main risk factors.

INTRODUCTION

The various factors that may contribute to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in relation to bone health among Saudi women are not known. The main objectives of the present study were to determine the factors influencing vitamin D status in relation to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone turnover markers (BTMs), bone mineral density (BMD), and vitamin D receptor genotype (VDR) in healthy Saudi pre- and postmenopausal women.

METHODS

A total number of 1,172 healthy Saudi women living in the Jeddah area were randomly selected and studied. Anthropometric parameters, socioeconomic status, sun exposure index together with serum levels of 25(OH)D, calcitriol, intact PTH, Ca, PO4, Mg, creatinine, albumin, and biochemical BTMs were measured. BMD was measured by a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and VDR genotypes were also determined.

RESULTS

About 80.0% of Saudi women studied exhibited vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D<50.0 nmol/L) with only 11.8% of all women were considered with adequate vitamin D status (serum 25(OH)D>75 nmol/L). Secondary hyperparathyroidism was evident in 18.5% and 24.6% in pre- and postmenopausal women with 25(OH)D<50 nmol/L. Serum 25(OH)D was lower (P<0.001) and intact PTH higher (P<0.001) in the upper quintiles of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI, sun exposure index, poor dietary vitamin D supplementation, WHR, and age were independent positive predictors of serum 25(OH)D values.

CONCLUSIONS

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among healthy Saudi pre-and postmenopausal women and largely attributed to obesity, poor exposure to sunlight, poor dietary vitamin D supplementation, and age.

摘要

目的

研究健康沙特绝经前和绝经后妇女维生素 D 缺乏或不足的各种可能因素。

方法

随机选择居住在吉达地区的 1172 名健康沙特女性进行研究。测量了人体测量参数、社会经济地位、日照指数以及血清 25-羟维生素 D（25（OH）D）、骨化三醇、完整甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）、Ca、PO4、Mg、肌酐、白蛋白和生化骨转换标志物（BTM）的水平。采用双能 X 线吸收法测量骨密度，还确定了维生素 D 受体基因型（VDR）。

结果

约 80.0%的沙特女性表现出维生素 D 缺乏（血清 25（OH）D<50.0 nmol/L），仅有 11.8%的女性被认为具有足够的维生素 D 状态（血清 25（OH）D>75 nmol/L）。25（OH）D<50 nmol/L 的绝经前和绝经后女性中，分别有 18.5%和 24.6%出现继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。血清 25（OH）D 在体重指数（BMI）和腰臀比（WHR）的上四分位数中较低（P<0.001），iPTH 较高（P<0.001）。多元线性回归分析显示，BMI、日照指数、维生素 D 饮食补充不足、WHR 和年龄是血清 25（OH）D 值的独立正预测因子。