Psychology Department, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK.
Appetite. 2010 Aug;55(1):130-6. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.05.001. Epub 2010 May 12.
The long-term effects of sucrose on appetite and mood remain unclear. Normal weight subjects compensate for sucrose added blind to the diet (Reid et al., 2007). Overweight subjects, however, may differ. In a single-blind, between-subjects design, soft drinks (4x25cl per day; 1800kJ sucrose sweetened versus 67kJ aspartame sweetened) were added to the diet of overweight women (n=53, BMI 25-30, age 20-55) for 4 weeks. A 7-day food diary gave measures of total energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and micronutrients. Mood and hunger were measured by ten single Likert scales rated daily at 11.00, 14.00, 16.00, and 20.00. Activity levels were measured by diary and pedometer. Baseline energy intake did not differ between groups. During the first week of the intervention energy intake increased slightly in the sucrose group, but not in the aspartame group, then decreased again, so by the final week intake again did not differ from the aspartame group. Compensation was not large enough to produce significant changes in the composition of the voluntary diet. There were no effects on hunger or mood. It is concluded that overweight women do not respond adversely to sucrose added blind to the diet, but compensate for it by reducing voluntary energy intake. Alternative explanations for the correlation between sugary soft drink intake and weight gain are discussed.
蔗糖对食欲和情绪的长期影响仍不清楚。正常体重的受试者会对添加到饮食中的蔗糖进行补偿（Reid 等人，2007）。然而，超重的受试者可能会有所不同。在一项单盲、组间设计中，软饮料（每天 4x25cl；1800kJ 蔗糖甜味剂与 67kJ 阿斯巴甜甜味剂）被添加到超重女性（n=53，BMI 25-30，年龄 20-55）的饮食中，持续 4 周。7 天的食物日记记录了总能量、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪和微量营养素的摄入量。通过 10 个单项李克特量表每天在 11:00、14:00、16:00 和 20:00 评估情绪和饥饿感。通过日记和计步器测量活动水平。基线能量摄入在两组之间没有差异。在干预的第一周，蔗糖组的能量摄入略有增加，但阿斯巴甜组没有增加，然后再次减少，因此到最后一周，摄入量与阿斯巴甜组再次没有差异。补偿不足以对自愿饮食的组成产生显著影响。对饥饿或情绪没有影响。结论是，超重女性不会对添加到饮食中的蔗糖产生不良反应，但会通过减少自愿能量摄入来补偿。还讨论了含糖软饮料摄入与体重增加之间相关性的其他解释。
