SL Ross Environmental Research Ltd., Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2010 Sep;60(9):1606-14. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.01.010. Epub 2010 Aug 17.
This study determined the limiting oil viscosity for chemical dispersion of oil spills under simulated sea conditions in the large outdoor wave tank at the US National Oil Spill Response Test Facility in New Jersey. Dispersant effectiveness tests were completed using crude oils with viscosities ranging from 67 to 40,100 cP at test temperature. Tests produced an effectiveness-viscosity curve with three phases when oil was treated with Corexit 9500 at a dispersant-to-oil ratio of 1:20. The oil viscosity that limited chemical dispersion under simulated at-sea conditions was in the range of 18,690 cP to 33,400 cP. Visual observations and measurements of oil concentrations and droplet size distributions in the water under treated and control slicks correlated well with direct measurements of effectiveness. The dispersant effectiveness versus oil viscosity relationship under simulated at sea conditions at Ohmsett was most similar to those from similar tests made using the Institut Francais du Pétrole and Exxon Dispersant Effectiveness (EXDET) test methods.
本研究在新泽西州美国国家溢油应急反应试验设施的大型户外波流水槽中模拟海上条件，确定了用于溢油化学分散的油的极限粘度。使用粘度范围为 67 至 40,100 cP 的原油，在试验温度下完成了分散剂效果测试。当以 1:20 的分散剂与油的比例用 Corexit 9500 处理油时，测试产生了一条具有三个阶段的有效性-粘度曲线。在模拟海上条件下进行化学分散时，限制油的粘度范围为 18,690 cP 至 33,400 cP。处理和对照油膜下水中油浓度和液滴尺寸分布的视觉观察和测量与直接测量的效果相关性很好。在 Ohmsett 进行的模拟海上条件下的分散剂有效性与油粘度的关系与使用 Institut Francais du Pétrole 和 Exxon 分散剂有效性（EXDET）测试方法进行的类似测试的关系最为相似。
