Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hadassah Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2010 Jun;235(6):689-99. doi: 10.1258/ebm.2010.009370.
The present study offers a new look at the role of erythrocytes and of erythrocytes-polyphenol complexes as potent 'sinks' for reactive oxygen species. We hereby show that human erythrocytes have the capacity not only to carry oxygen, but also to bind avidly to their surfaces a large variety of polyphenol antioxidants, which endows upon such complexes enhanced total oxidant-scavenging capacities (TOSC). This was proven by using confocal microscopy, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent, cyclic voltammetry and chemiluminescence techniques. The results presented suggest that the true TOSC of blood is the sum of intracellular antioxidants of red blood cells and other blood cells (mainly due to catalase), the polyphenols bound to their surfaces and the antioxidant agents present in plasma. Since erythrocytes can avidly bind and rapidly remove circulating polyphenols, the rule of the thumb to quantify antioxidants in health and disease processes exclusively in plasma as customary in clinical settings, does not represent the true TOSC of whole blood. We also postulate that circulating erythrocytes and possibly also other blood cells might be constantly coated by polyphenols from supplemented nutrients, which act as antioxidant depots and can thus act as protectors against the harmful consequences of oxidative stress. Further studies are needed to determine the faith of polyphenols in the circulation and their sequestration in the spleen.
本研究从新的角度探讨了红细胞及其与多酚复合物作为活性氧有效“清除剂”的作用。我们在此表明，人类红细胞不仅具有携带氧气的能力，还能够在其表面强烈结合多种多酚抗氧化剂，从而赋予这些复合物更强的总抗氧化能力（TOSC）。这一观点通过共聚焦显微镜、2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基自由基、福林-希考尔试剂、循环伏安法和化学发光技术得到了证实。研究结果表明，血液的真正 TOSC 是红细胞和其他血细胞（主要是由于过氧化氢酶）内抗氧化剂、结合在其表面的多酚以及血浆中存在的抗氧化剂的总和。由于红细胞能够强烈结合并迅速清除循环中的多酚，因此在临床环境中，将健康和疾病过程中的抗氧化剂仅在血浆中定量的常规做法并不能代表全血的真正 TOSC。我们还假设，循环中的红细胞，甚至可能还有其他血细胞，可能会不断地被补充营养物质中的多酚所覆盖，这些多酚作为抗氧化剂库，从而可以作为对抗氧化应激有害后果的保护者。需要进一步的研究来确定多酚在循环中的稳定性及其在脾脏中的隔离情况。
