National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Environmental Health Research, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Environ Health. 2010 Jun 1;9:25. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-9-25.
Due to shortcomings in the design, no source-specific exposure-effect relations are as yet available describing the effects of noise on children's cognitive performance. This paper reports on a study investigating the effects of aircraft and road traffic noise exposure on the cognitive performance of primary schoolchildren in both the home and the school setting.
Participants were 553 children (age 9-11 years) attending 24 primary schools around Schiphol Amsterdam Airport. Cognitive performance was measured by the Neurobehavioral Evaluation System (NES), and a set of paper-and-pencil tests. Multilevel regression analyses were applied to estimate the association between noise exposure and cognitive performance, accounting for demographic and school related confounders.
Effects of school noise exposure were observed in the more difficult parts of the Switching Attention Test (SAT): children attending schools with higher road or aircraft noise levels made significantly more errors. The correlational pattern and factor structure of the data indicate that the coherence between the neurobehavioral tests and paper-and-pencil tests is high.
Based on this study and previous scientific literature it can be concluded that performance on simple tasks is less susceptible to the effects of noise than performance on more complex tasks.
由于设计上的缺陷，目前还没有针对特定来源的暴露-效应关系来描述噪声对儿童认知表现的影响。本文报告了一项研究，该研究调查了飞机和道路交通噪声暴露对阿姆斯特丹史基浦机场周围 24 所小学的儿童在家庭和学校环境中的认知表现的影响。
参与者为 553 名 9-11 岁的儿童，他们在阿姆斯特丹史基浦机场周围的 24 所小学就读。认知表现通过神经行为评估系统（NES）和一系列纸笔测试进行测量。应用多水平回归分析来估计噪声暴露与认知表现之间的关联，同时考虑人口统计学和学校相关的混杂因素。
在注意力转换测试（SAT）较难的部分观察到学校噪声暴露的影响：在噪声水平较高的道路或飞机噪声环境中上学的儿童犯的错误明显更多。数据的相关模式和因子结构表明，神经行为测试和纸笔测试之间的一致性很高。
基于这项研究和以前的科学文献，可以得出结论，简单任务的表现比复杂任务的表现对噪声的影响更不敏感。
