Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2010 Jun;2(6):a001198. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a001198. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
A common ancestor to the three p53 family members of human genes p53, p63, and p73 is first detected in the evolution of modern-day sea anemones, in which both structurally and functionally it acts to protect the germ line from genomic instabilities in response to stresses. This p63/p73 common ancestor gene is found in almost all invertebrates and first duplicates to produce a p53 gene and a p63/p73 ancestor in cartilaginous fish. Bony fish contain all three genes, p53, p63, and p73, and the functions of these three transcription factors diversify in the higher vertebrates. Thus, this gene family has preserved its structural features and functional activities for over one billion years of evolution.
在现代海葵的进化中，首次检测到人类基因 p53、p63 和 p73 的三个 p53 家族成员的共同祖先，它在结构和功能上都能保护生殖细胞免受应激引起的基因组不稳定性的影响。这种 p63/p73 共同祖先基因存在于几乎所有的无脊椎动物中，最初通过复制产生 p53 基因和软骨鱼中的 p63/p73 祖先。硬骨鱼含有这三个基因，p53、p63 和 p73，这三个转录因子的功能在高等脊椎动物中多样化。因此，这个基因家族在超过十亿年的进化过程中保留了其结构特征和功能活性。
