Department of Immunology, Division of Pulmonary, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2010 Jul 15;202(2):302-12. doi: 10.1086/653485.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are at increased risk for development of pulmonary complications, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inflammation associated with subclinical infection has been postulated to promote COPD. Persistence of Pneumocystis is associated with HIV infection and COPD, although a causal relationship has not been established. We used a simian/human immunodeficiency virus model of HIV infection to study pulmonary effects of Pneumocystis colonization. Simian/human immunodeficiency virus-infected/Pneumocystis-colonized monkeys developed progressive obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by increased emphysematous tissue and bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue. Increased levels of T helper type 2 cytokines and proinflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid coincided with Pneumocystis colonization and a decline in pulmonary function. These results support the concept that an infectious agent contributes to the development of HIV-associated lung disease and suggest that Pneumocystis colonization may be a risk factor for the development of HIV-associated COPD. Furthermore, this model allows examination of early host responses important to disease progression, thus identifying potential therapeutic targets for COPD.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者发生肺部并发症的风险增加，包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）。亚临床感染相关的炎症被认为可促进 COPD 的发生。尽管尚未确定因果关系，但肺炎支原体的持续存在与 HIV 感染和 COPD 相关。我们使用 HIV 感染的猴/人免疫缺陷病毒模型来研究肺炎支原体定植对肺部的影响。猴/人免疫缺陷病毒感染/肺炎支原体定植的猴子发生进行性阻塞性肺病，其特征为肺气肿组织和支气管相关淋巴组织增加。支气管肺泡灌洗液中 T 辅助细胞 2 型细胞因子和促炎介质水平的升高与肺炎支原体定植和肺功能下降同时发生。这些结果支持这样一种观点，即感染因子有助于 HIV 相关肺部疾病的发生，并表明肺炎支原体定植可能是 HIV 相关 COPD 的一个危险因素。此外，该模型允许检查对疾病进展很重要的早期宿主反应，从而确定 COPD 的潜在治疗靶点。
