Tate M W, Eikenberry E F, Turner D C, Shyamsunder E, Gruner S M
Department of Physics, Princeton University, NJ 08544.
Chem Phys Lipids. 1991 Mar;57(2-3):147-64. doi: 10.1016/0009-3084(91)90073-k.
Numerous liquid crystalline biomembrane lipids are known to exhibit non-lamellar phases characterized by curvature of their component lipid monolayers. An understanding of the phase stability of these systems begins with analysis of the energy of bending the monolayers, the interactions which lead to the bending energy, and the geometrical constraints which lead to competing energy terms which arise when the monolayers are bent and packed onto lattices with different structures. Diffraction and other techniques suitable for probing lipid phase structure are described. A phenomenological model is reviewed which successfully explains many of the qualitative features of lipid mesomorphic phase behavior. A key result of this model is that lipid bilayer compositions which are close to the non-lamellar phase boundaries of their phase diagrams are characterized by a frustrated elastic stress which may modulate the activity of imbedded membrane proteins and which may provide a rationale for the prevalence of non-lamellar-tending lipid species in biomembrane bilayers. Areas in need of future research are discussed.
已知许多液晶生物膜脂质会呈现非层状相，其特征在于其组成脂质单分子层的曲率。对这些体系的相稳定性的理解始于对单分子层弯曲能量、导致弯曲能量的相互作用以及几何约束的分析，这些几何约束会导致在单分子层弯曲并堆积到具有不同结构的晶格上时出现相互竞争的能量项。描述了适用于探测脂质相结构的衍射及其他技术。回顾了一个现象学模型，该模型成功解释了脂质介晶相行为的许多定性特征。该模型的一个关键结果是，接近其相图非层状相边界的脂质双层组成的特征是存在受挫弹性应力，这种应力可能会调节嵌入膜蛋白的活性，并可能为生物膜双层中倾向于非层状的脂质种类的普遍存在提供一个理论依据。讨论了未来需要研究的领域。
