Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2010 Jun;24(2):198-208. doi: 10.1037/a0017631.
This paper reports on the first longitudinal test of the Acquired Preparedness (AP) model of alcoholism risk, which holds that individual differences in key personality traits influence drinking behavior by influencing alcohol-related learning (Smith and Anderson, 2001). We studied 418 individuals making the transition to the independence of college across 3 longitudinal waves. Each of 2 longitudinal models predicting typical drinking quantity provided support for the AP process. In the first, drinking quantity at the end of the first year of college was predicted by positive urgency (the tendency to act rashly when experiencing extremely positive affect) at the start of college, and that predictive relationship appeared to have been mediated by expectancies that alcohol provides positive, arousing effects. In the second, drinking quantity was predicted by negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when experiencing extremely negative affect) at the start of college, and that relationship appeared to have been mediated by the motive to drink alcohol to cope with subjective distress.
本文报告了对酒精中毒风险习得准备性（AP）模型的首次纵向测试，该模型认为关键人格特质的个体差异通过影响与酒精相关的学习来影响饮酒行为（Smith 和 Anderson，2001）。我们研究了跨越 3 个纵向波的 418 名即将进入大学独立生活的个体。2 个纵向模型预测了典型饮酒量，其中每一个模型都为 AP 过程提供了支持。在第一个模型中，大学第一年结束时的饮酒量由进入大学时的积极冲动（在经历极度积极情绪时鲁莽行事的倾向）预测，而这种预测关系似乎是由期望酒精提供积极、兴奋的影响来介导的。在第二个模型中，进入大学时的消极冲动（在经历极度消极情绪时鲁莽行事的倾向）预测了饮酒量，这种关系似乎是由用酒精来应对主观困扰的饮酒动机来介导的。
