Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Jan;14(1):142-9. doi: 10.1017/S1368980010001540. Epub 2010 Jun 29.
To assess the nutritional status, food intake and physical activity patterns in schoolchildren attending 5th and 6th grade in basic schools from different socio-economic levels in the metropolitan region of Santiago.
Cross-sectional study in children 5th and 6th grade of eighteen basic schools in the metropolitan region of Santiago.
Boys and girls aged 9-12 years from basic schools were evaluated in terms of physical capacity. An anthropometric evaluation was also performed which included weight, height and triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses. Food intake was evaluated by a 24 h recall, socio-economic level by the ESOMAR method and physical activity by a questionnaire.
Boys and girls aged 9-12 years (n 1732).
The average prevalence of overweight and obesity was 40 %, with the highest prevalence in males and those from lower socio-economic level. A majority (64 %) of the children had a low level of physical activity. A higher intake of fat and protein and a higher intake of carbohydrate were found in the higher and lower socio-economic levels, respectively. Both males and females showed adequacy greater than 75 % in macronutrient intake except for fibre, with both groups showing a deficit in the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish and milk products according to Chilean recommendations.
A high prevalence of malnutrition by excess was observed in both sexes and a better eating and physical activity pattern was seen in children from higher socio-economic level.
评估来自圣地亚哥大都市区不同社会经济水平的 5 至 6 年级基础学校学生的营养状况、食物摄入量和身体活动模式。
在圣地亚哥大都市区的 18 所基础学校中，对 5 至 6 年级的儿童进行了横断面研究。
评估来自基础学校的 9-12 岁男孩和女孩的身体能力。还进行了人体测量评估，包括体重、身高以及三头肌和肩胛下皮褶厚度。通过 24 小时回顾法评估食物摄入量，通过 ESOMAR 方法评估社会经济水平，通过问卷调查评估身体活动。
9-12 岁的男孩和女孩（n=1732）。
超重和肥胖的平均患病率为 40%，男性和社会经济水平较低的儿童患病率最高。大多数（64%）儿童的身体活动水平较低。较高和较低社会经济水平的儿童分别摄入较多的脂肪和蛋白质以及较多的碳水化合物。除纤维外，男性和女性的宏量营养素摄入量均超过 75%，符合智利的建议，但两组均缺乏水果、蔬菜、豆类、鱼和奶制品的摄入。
两性均观察到营养过剩的高患病率，较高社会经济水平的儿童的饮食和身体活动模式更好。
