Shafiee Shahla, Mesgarani Mohsen, Begum Khyrunnisa
Children and Adolescents Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran.
Glob J Health Sci. 2015 Mar 9;7(3):335-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v7n3p335.
Deficiency of calories and certain micronutrients is known to cause growth faltering in children and adolescents. It is recognized that varieties of foods need to be consumed in order to meet requirements for essential nutrients. Lack of diversity in the diets is a serious problem among poor populations in the developing world. The extent of variations in intake of nutrients occurring in a homogeneous population provides useful information.
SUBJECTS & METHODS: This study investigates the mean intake of nutrient by 1083 adolescent males, age 10-19 years, in comparison to the RDA values suggested by ICMR for Indians. Food intakes, social class and knowledge about health education were obtained by questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric statistics, and Chi-Square tests were performed to and interpret the data, particularly hypothesis testing.
Mean intake of calories varied from 1512 ± 532 for pre-adolescent to 1742 ± 660 for post-adolescence, the differences in intake between pre-adolescence to adolescence was statistically significant. The intake was largely different compared to the respective RDAs including proteins which were markedly lower than the RDA. The mean intake increased linearly with the advancing stages of adolescence. Intake of calcium by boys during pre-adolescence and adolescence stage were lower by 20-30% as compared to the RDA, whereas the post-adolescent boys were found to consume a fair amount and met their RDAs. Intakes of iron and ?-carotene were highly variable, the majority of the selected boys consumed much less than the RDAs. The differences in the intakes were statistically not significant.
Mean intakes of nutrients indicate that the majority of the selected boys consumed protein, calories, iron, calcium and ? carotene in three stages of adolescent markedly lower than the respective RDAs. Family type, birth order and SES correlated with nutrient intake among selected adolescent boys.
已知热量和某些微量营养素的缺乏会导致儿童和青少年生长发育迟缓。人们认识到，需要摄入多种食物才能满足必需营养素的需求。饮食缺乏多样性是发展中世界贫困人口中的一个严重问题。同质人群中营养素摄入量的变化程度提供了有用信息。
本研究调查了1083名10 - 19岁青少年男性的营养素平均摄入量，并与印度医学研究理事会（ICMR）为印度人建议的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）值进行比较。通过问卷调查获取食物摄入量、社会阶层和健康教育知识。进行描述性统计、非参数统计和卡方检验来分析和解释数据，特别是进行假设检验。
热量的平均摄入量从前青春期的1512±532千卡变化到青春期后的1742±660千卡，前青春期到青春期的摄入量差异具有统计学意义。与各自的RDA相比，摄入量有很大差异，包括蛋白质摄入量明显低于RDA。平均摄入量随着青春期的推进呈线性增加。前青春期和青春期男孩的钙摄入量比RDA低20 - 30%，而青春期后男孩的钙摄入量较高且达到了RDA。铁和β - 胡萝卜素的摄入量变化很大，大多数被选男孩的摄入量远低于RDA。摄入量的差异在统计学上不显著。
营养素的平均摄入量表明，大多数被选男孩在青春期的三个阶段摄入的蛋白质、热量、铁、钙和β - 胡萝卜素明显低于各自的RDA。家庭类型、出生顺序和社会经济地位与被选青少年男孩的营养素摄入量相关。
