Olivares S, Kain J, Lera L, Pizarro F, Vio F, Morón C
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Sep;58(9):1278-85. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601962.
To assess the nutritional status, food consumption and physical activity (PA) habits of Chilean school children, as a baseline for developing an educational intervention.
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 1701 children from 3rd to 7th grade in nine schools located in three geographical regions.
We determined body mass index, food consumption (quantified FFQ which we categorised into five groups), PA in terms of TV viewing and frequency of after school PA. The data were analysed according to age, nutritional status and gender. A logistic regression analysis was performed using obesity as outcome.
Obesity was higher among boys; younger children presented higher prevalence in both genders. Daily intake of dairy products varied between 240 and 308 g, fruits/vegetables, between 197 and 271 g, energy-dense foods between 343 and 460 g. In all, 22.3 and 47% of the children watched over 3 h of TV during the week and weekend, respectively. Older children watched significantly more TV during the week, while on weekends all children increased this time significantly. Boys were more active than girls after school. The logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between obesity and low intake of dairy products.
Prevalence of obesity among Chilean children is high. Although TV time, intake of energy dense foods and fruits/vegetables appeared as risk factors for obesity, only dairy consumption was significantly associated with obesity.
FAO
评估智利学童的营养状况、食物摄入量和身体活动（PA）习惯，作为开展教育干预的基线。
横断面研究。
来自三个地理区域九所学校的1701名三至七年级儿童。
我们测定了体重指数、食物摄入量（通过定量食物频率问卷，将其分为五组）、看电视时间以及课后身体活动频率来衡量身体活动情况。数据按年龄、营养状况和性别进行分析。以肥胖为结果进行逻辑回归分析。
男孩的肥胖率更高；两个性别的年幼儿童肥胖患病率更高。乳制品的每日摄入量在240至308克之间，水果/蔬菜在197至271克之间，高能量食物在343至460克之间。总体而言，分别有22.3%和47%的儿童在工作日和周末看电视超过3小时。年龄较大的儿童在工作日看电视明显更多，而在周末所有儿童看电视时间都显著增加。男孩放学后比女孩更活跃。逻辑回归分析显示肥胖与乳制品摄入量低之间存在显著关联。
智利儿童肥胖患病率较高。尽管看电视时间、高能量食物以及水果/蔬菜摄入量似乎是肥胖的风险因素，但只有乳制品消费与肥胖显著相关。
联合国粮食及农业组织
