Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
Dermatol Ther. 2010 May-Jun;23(3):251-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2010.01322.x.
Oral lichenoid reactions represent a common end point in response to extrinsic agents (drugs, allergens), altered self-antigens, or superantigens. Oral lichen planus, a common and under-recognized inflammatory disorder, shares many clinical and histopathological features with oral lichenoid drug reaction and oral lichenoid contact reaction. Clinical presentation can vary from asymptomatic white reticular striae to painful erythema and erosions. Cutaneous and additional mucosal involvement is common. Delay in diagnosis of extraoral mucocutaneous lichen planus (LP) results in conjunctival scarring; vaginal stenosis; vulvar destruction; and stricture of the esophagus, urethra, and external auditory meatus. Although the etiology of LP is idiopathic, oral lichenoid reactions may be caused by medications or exogenous agents such as cinnamates and other flavorings. The clinical features, evaluation, and management of these oral lichenoid reactions are discussed.
口腔黏膜类天疱疮样反应是一种常见的对外源性物质（药物、过敏原）、自身抗原改变或超抗原的反应。口腔扁平苔藓是一种常见但未被充分认识的炎症性疾病，与口腔类天疱疮样药物反应和口腔类天疱疮样接触反应具有许多临床和组织病理学特征。临床表现从无症状的白色网状条纹到疼痛性红斑和糜烂不等。皮肤和其他黏膜的累及很常见。口腔外黏膜扁平苔藓（LP）的诊断延迟会导致结膜瘢痕、阴道狭窄、外阴破坏以及食管、尿道和外耳道狭窄。虽然 LP 的病因是特发性的，但口腔类天疱疮样反应可能由药物或肉桂酸盐等外源性物质引起。本文讨论了这些口腔类天疱疮样反应的临床特征、评估和治疗。
