Stewart J J, Wood M J, Wood C D, Mims M E
Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport.
Pharmacology. 1991;42(2):111-20. doi: 10.1159/000138781.
This study was designed to evaluate the antimotion sickness activity of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) and to characterize the effects of ginger on gastric function. Twenty-eight human volunteers participated in the project. Subjects made timed head movements in a rotating chair until they reached an endpoint of motion sickness short of vomiting (malaise III or M-III). Each subject was tested with either ginger or scopolamine and a placebo. A substance was judged to possess antimotion sickness activity if it allowed a greater number of head movements compared to placebo control. Gastric emptying of a liquid was measured by nuclear medicine techniques in normal and motion sick subjects. Gastric electrical activity was monitored by cutaneous (surface) electrodes positioned over the abdominal area. Powder ginger (whole root, 500 or 1,000 mg) or fresh ginger root (1,000 mg) provided no protection against motion sickness. In contrast, subjects performed an average of 147.5 more head movements (p less than 0.01) after scopolamine (0.6 mg p.o.) than after placebo. The rate of gastric emptying was significantly (p less than 0.05) slowed when tested immediately after M-III but was inhibited less when tested 15 min after M-III. Powdered ginger (500 mg) had no effect on gastric emptying in normal or motion-sick subjects. Gastric motility was also changed during motion sickness. The frequency of the electrogastrogram (EGG) was increased after M-III (tachygastria) and the normal increase in EGG amplitude after liquid ingestion was reduced in motion sick subjects. Although powdered ginger (500 mg) partially inhibited tachygastria in motion sickness, it did not enhance the EGG amplitude in motion sick subjects. We conclude that ginger does not possess antimotion sickness activity, nor does it significantly alter gastric function during motion sickness.
本研究旨在评估姜根（姜）的抗晕动病活性，并阐明姜对胃功能的影响。28名人类志愿者参与了该项目。受试者在转椅中进行定时头部运动，直至达到晕动病的终点（不适Ⅲ级或M -Ⅲ级），即尚未呕吐。每位受试者分别接受姜、东莨菪碱和安慰剂测试。若与安慰剂对照相比，某种物质能使受试者进行更多次数的头部运动，则判定该物质具有抗晕动病活性。采用核医学技术测量正常和晕动病受试者的液体胃排空情况。通过置于腹部区域的皮肤（表面）电极监测胃电活动。粉状姜（全根，500或1000毫克）或鲜姜根（1000毫克）对晕动病并无预防作用。相比之下，受试者口服0.6毫克东莨菪碱后比服用安慰剂后平均多进行了147.5次头部运动（p＜0.01）。在达到M -Ⅲ级后立即测试时，胃排空速率显著减慢（p＜0.05），但在M -Ⅲ级后15分钟测试时，胃排空速率的减慢程度较小。粉状姜（500毫克）对正常或晕动病受试者的胃排空均无影响。晕动病期间胃动力也会发生改变。达到M -Ⅲ级后胃电图（EGG）频率增加（胃动过速），且晕动病受试者摄入液体后EGG振幅的正常增加幅度减小。尽管粉状姜（500毫克）可部分抑制晕动病时的胃动过速，但对晕动病受试者的EGG振幅并无增强作用。我们得出结论，姜不具有抗晕动病活性，在晕动病期间也不会显著改变胃功能。
