University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55454, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Aug;42(8):1519-27. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181cf8242.
To estimate the association of age with maximal HR (MHR).
Data were obtained from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Participants were black and white men and women aged 18-30 yr in 1985-1986 (year 0). A symptom-limited maximal graded exercise test was completed at years 0, 7, and 20 by 4969, 2583, and 2870 participants, respectively. After exclusion, 9622 eligible tests remained.
In all 9622 tests, estimated MHR (eMHR, bpm) had a quadratic relation to age in the age range of 18-50 yr, eMHR = 179 + 0.29 x age - 0.011 x age(2). The age-MHR association was approximately linear in the restricted age ranges of consecutive tests. In 2215 people who completed tests of both years 0 and 7 (age range = 18-37 yr), eMHR = 189 - 0.35 x age; and in 1574 people who completed tests of both years 7 and 20 (age range = 25-50 yr), eMHR = 199 - 0.63 x age. In the lowest baseline body mass index (BMI) quartile, the rate of decline was 0.24 bpmyr(-1) between years 0 and 7 and 0.51 bpmyr(-1) between years 7 and 20, whereas in the highest baseline BMI quartile, there was a linear rate of decline of approximately 0.7 bpm.yr for the full age range of 18-50 yr.
Clinicians making exercise prescriptions should be aware that the loss of symptom-limited MHR is much slower in young adulthood and more pronounced in later adulthood. In particular, MHR loss is very slow in those with the lowest BMI younger than 40 yr.
评估年龄与最大心率（MHR）之间的关系。
数据来自于年轻人冠状动脉风险发展研究（CARDIA）。1985-1986 年（第 0 年）时，研究纳入了年龄在 18-30 岁的黑人和白人男性及女性。分别有 4969、2583 和 2870 名参与者在第 0、7 和 20 年完成了症状限制的最大分级运动试验。排除后，共有 9622 项合格的测试。
在所有 9622 项测试中，估计的最大心率（eMHR，bpm）在 18-50 岁的年龄范围内与年龄呈二次关系，eMHR=179+0.29x年龄-0.011x年龄^2。在连续测试的受限年龄范围内，年龄-MHR 关系大致呈线性。在 2215 名完成了第 0 年和第 7 年测试的人（年龄范围为 18-37 岁）中，eMHR=189-0.35x年龄；在 1574 名完成了第 7 年和第 20 年测试的人（年龄范围为 25-50 岁）中，eMHR=199-0.63x年龄。在最低的基础体重指数（BMI）四分位数中，从第 0 年到第 7 年的心率下降速度为 0.24 bpm·yr^-1，从第 7 年到第 20 年的心率下降速度为 0.51 bpm·yr^-1，而在最高的基础 BMI 四分位数中，在 18-50 岁的整个年龄范围内，心率的下降速度约为 0.7 bpm·yr。
制定运动处方的临床医生应注意到，在年轻成年期，限制症状的最大心率的丧失速度较慢，而在成年后期更为明显。特别是，在 BMI 低于 40 岁的最低四分位数的人中，MHR 的损失非常缓慢。
