Helen Dowling Institute, Care for Cancer, Rubenslaan 190, 3582 JJ, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Relig Health. 2012 Jun;51(2):336-54. doi: 10.1007/s10943-010-9376-1.
Spirituality is an important theme in health research, since a spiritual orientation can help people to cope with the consequences of a serious disease. Knowledge on the role of spirituality is, however, limited, as most research is based on measures of religiosity rather than spirituality. A questionnaire that transcends specific beliefs is a prerequisite for quantifying the importance of spirituality among people who adhere to a religion or none at all. In this review, we discuss ten questionnaires that address spirituality as a universal human experience. Questionnaires are evaluated with regard to psychometric properties, item formulation and confusion with well-being and distress. Although none of the questionnaires fulfilled all the criteria, the multidimensional Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire is promising.
灵性是健康研究中的一个重要主题，因为灵性取向可以帮助人们应对严重疾病的后果。然而，由于大多数研究都是基于宗教信仰的衡量标准，而不是灵性本身，因此关于灵性的作用的知识是有限的。对于量化那些信仰宗教或不信仰宗教的人灵性的重要性来说，一个超越特定信仰的问卷是一个前提条件。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了十个问卷，这些问卷将灵性作为一种普遍的人类体验来处理。我们根据心理测量特性、项目制定以及与幸福感和痛苦的混淆情况来评估问卷。尽管没有一个问卷完全符合所有标准，但多维精神幸福感问卷很有前途。
