Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA, Australia.
Appl Ergon. 2011 Jan;42(2):214-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2010.06.016. Epub 2010 Jul 29.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of fatigue on the amount of in-flight sleep obtained by airline pilots during long-haul duty periods. A total of 301 pilots collected sleep/wake and work/rest data for a period of at least 2 weeks each. Fatigue likelihood, i.e. low, moderate, high, or extreme, was estimated for each duty period based on a pilot's sleep/wake behaviour prior to duty and the time of day that the duty period occurred. Participants obtained 1.8 h of sleep (i.e. 27% of their rest time) during duty periods with low fatigue likelihood and 3.7 h of sleep (i.e. 54% of their rest time) during duty periods with extreme fatigue likelihood. These results indicate that (i) long-haul pilots obtain substantially more sleep during duty periods when fatigue is likely to be extreme than when fatigue is likely to be low and (ii) long-haul pilots use in-flight napping as a fatigue countermeasure, but more could be done to increase its efficacy.
本研究旨在探讨疲劳对长途飞行期间飞行员飞行中睡眠时间的影响。共有 301 名飞行员每人至少收集了两周的睡眠/觉醒和工作/休息数据。根据飞行员在值班前的睡眠/觉醒行为以及值班时间，估计每个值班周期的疲劳可能性，即低、中、高或极高。在疲劳可能性低的值班周期中，参与者获得 1.8 小时的睡眠（即休息时间的 27%），而在疲劳可能性极高的值班周期中获得 3.7 小时的睡眠（即休息时间的 54%）。这些结果表明：（i）长途飞行员在疲劳极有可能的值班周期中获得的睡眠时间大大超过疲劳可能性低的值班周期；（ii）长途飞行员使用飞行中打盹作为疲劳对策，但可以采取更多措施来提高其效果。
