Cohen-Mansfield Jiska, Thein Khin, Dakheel-Ali Maha, Regier Natalie G, Marx Marcia S
Research Institute on Aging, Charles E. Smith Life Communities, Rockville, MD, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2010 Aug;198(8):586-92. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e9dc76.
The present study examined the impact of different attributes of social stimuli using the stimulus attributes aspect of the Comprehensive Process Model of Engagement ( Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 17:299-307). Participants were 193 residents of 7 Maryland nursing homes with a diagnosis of dementia. Stimuli were chosen to represent different levels of the following social attributes: social versus not social, realistic versus not realistic, animated versus nonanimated, human versus nonhuman, and alive versus not alive. Participants had significantly longer engagement, were significantly more attentive, and displayed a significantly more positive attitude with social stimuli than with nonsocial stimuli. Longer durations and higher ratings of attention and attitude were seen with realistic and animated stimuli as compared to their counterparts. Human and live stimuli resulted in significantly more engagement than their counterparts. Giving any social stimulus to the residents is preferable to providing none, and the social attributes of stimuli should be maximized.
本研究利用参与综合过程模型的刺激属性方面（《美国老年精神病学杂志》。17:299 - 307），考察了社会刺激的不同属性的影响。参与者为马里兰州7家疗养院的193名患有痴呆症的居民。选择的刺激代表以下社会属性的不同水平：社交与非社交、现实与非现实、动画与非动画、人类与非人类、有生命与无生命。与非社会刺激相比，参与者对社会刺激的参与时间显著更长、注意力显著更集中，且表现出显著更积极的态度。与非现实和非动画刺激相比，现实和动画刺激的持续时间更长，注意力和态度评分更高。人类和有生命的刺激比非人类和无生命的刺激导致的参与显著更多。给居民提供任何社会刺激都比不提供要好，并且应最大限度地发挥刺激的社会属性。
