WA Tobacco Document Searching Program, Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia.
Health Promot J Austr. 2010 Aug;21(2):99-105. doi: 10.1071/he10099.
There are moves to ban smoking in outdoor areas of pubs, restaurants and cafes. Some argue that this is unnecessary as exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) is minimal. The aim of this study was to determine potential exposure of patrons to SHS in outdoor areas of eating and drinking venues.
Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were measured in the alfresco areas of 28 cafes and pubs. Data were collected on the number of smokers present during sampling and factors that could influence PM2.5concentrations. PM2.5concentrations for periods with and without smokers were compared using paired and independent sample tests.
PM2.5 concentrations were significantly increased when there was at least one smoker compared to periods with no smoking (14.25 microg/m3 and 3.98 g/m3, respectively). There was evidence of a dose response increase with mean concentrations for none, one and two or more smokers of 3.98, 10.59and 17.00microg/m3, respectively. The differences remained significant after controlling for other factors. When two or more people were smoking, average PM2.5reached levels the US Environmental Protection Agency warns may put particularly sensitive people at risk of respiratory symptoms.
Smoking increases PM2.5concentrations in outdoor areas to levels that are potentially hazardous to health.
有举措要禁止在酒吧、餐厅和咖啡馆的户外区域吸烟。一些人认为这是不必要的，因为接触二手烟（SHS）的程度很小。本研究的目的是确定在饮食场所的户外区域顾客接触 SHS 的潜在暴露情况。
在 28 家咖啡馆和酒吧的露天区测量细颗粒物（PM2.5）的浓度。在采样期间收集了吸烟者数量的数据以及可能影响 PM2.5 浓度的因素。使用配对和独立样本检验比较有烟和无烟时段的 PM2.5 浓度。
与无烟时段相比，当至少有一名吸烟者时，PM2.5 浓度显著增加（分别为 14.25μg/m3 和 3.98μg/m3）。有证据表明，随着无吸烟者、有 1 名吸烟者、有 2 名或更多吸烟者的平均浓度分别为 3.98μg/m3、10.59μg/m3 和 17.00μg/m3，浓度呈剂量反应性增加。在控制其他因素后，差异仍然显著。当有 2 人或更多人吸烟时，平均 PM2.5 达到了美国环境保护署警告可能使特别敏感的人面临呼吸症状风险的水平。
吸烟会使户外区域的 PM2.5 浓度增加到可能对健康造成危害的水平。
