Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 7, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2010 Dec;67(24):4171-84. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0495-3. Epub 2010 Aug 18.
Chemicals can elicit T-cell-mediated diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis and adverse drug reactions. Therefore, testing of chemicals, drugs and protein allergens for hazard identification and risk assessment is essential in regulatory toxicology. The seventh amendment of the EU Cosmetics Directive now prohibits the testing of cosmetic ingredients in mice, guinea pigs and other animal species to assess their sensitizing potential. In addition, the EU Chemicals Directive REACh requires the retesting of more than 30,000 chemicals for different toxicological endpoints, including sensitization, requiring vast numbers of animals. Therefore, alternative methods are urgently needed to eventually replace animal testing. Here, we summarize the outcome of an expert meeting in Rome on 7 November 2009 on the development of T-cell-based in vitro assays as tools in immunotoxicology to identify hazardous chemicals and drugs. In addition, we provide an overview of the development of the field over the last two decades.
化学品可引发 T 细胞介导的疾病，如过敏性接触性皮炎和药物不良反应。因此，在监管毒理学中，对化学品、药物和蛋白过敏原进行危害识别和风险评估的检测是必不可少的。欧盟化妆品指令的第七次修订现在禁止在小鼠、豚鼠和其他动物物种中测试化妆品成分，以评估其致敏潜力。此外，欧盟化学品法规 REACh 要求对 3 万多种化学品进行不同毒理学终点（包括致敏）的重新测试，这需要大量的动物。因此，迫切需要替代方法来最终取代动物测试。在这里，我们总结了 2009 年 11 月 7 日在罗马举行的一次专家会议的结果，该会议讨论了开发基于 T 细胞的体外检测方法作为免疫毒理学工具，以识别有害化学物质和药物。此外，我们还概述了过去二十年该领域的发展情况。
