Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA.
Pharm Biol. 2010 Sep;48(9):1031-7. doi: 10.3109/13880200903468873.
Thirty-one medicinal plant species from Hawaii, Morocco, and the Sonoran Desert, USA have been shown in past studies to be highly inhibitory to pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and certain cancer cell lines. However, none were tested for antiviral activity.
Acetone and methanol extracts from these species were bio-assayed for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and for cytotoxicity to the Vero C1008 cell line.
Extracts from these species were tested in vitro for antiviral activity using an immunoperoxidase mini-plaque reduction assay to detect viral structural protein synthesis. A 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was computed. Sulforhodamine B and neutral red assays were used to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the cytotoxicity of extracts to C1008 cells, and to compute a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC(50)) using a dose response curve.
Eight of the 31 plant species assayed showed significant antiviral activity against HSV 1 and HSV 2 viruses. The acetone extract of Kalanchoe pinnata Pers. (Crassulaceae) produced an IC(50) of 0.025 mg/mL and a CC(50) of 1.25 mg/mL yielding a therapeutic index of 50. Additionally, this extract reduced plaque numbers to zero or near zero at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL when added 30 min before or 30 min after virus infection.
The mechanism of inhibition against HSV 1 and HSV 2 viruses is now being investigated, along with fractionation of the acetone extract in search of the active compound or compounds.
过去的研究表明，来自夏威夷、摩洛哥和美国索诺兰沙漠的 31 种药用植物对致病性细菌、真菌和某些癌细胞系具有高度抑制作用。然而，这些植物都没有经过抗病毒活性测试。
对这些植物的丙酮和甲醇提取物进行抗病毒活性测试，以检测其对单纯疱疹病毒 1 型和 2 型的抑制作用，以及对 Vero C1008 细胞系的细胞毒性。
采用免疫过氧化物酶微型噬斑减少试验，检测这些植物提取物在体外的抗病毒活性，以检测病毒结构蛋白的合成。计算 50%抑制浓度（IC50）。使用磺基罗丹明 B 和中性红试验定性和定量评估提取物对 C1008 细胞的细胞毒性，并通过剂量反应曲线计算 50%细胞毒性浓度（CC50）。
在所测试的 31 种植物中，有 8 种对 HSV 1 和 HSV 2 病毒表现出显著的抗病毒活性。Kalanchoe pinnata Pers.（景天科）的丙酮提取物的 IC50 为 0.025mg/mL，CC50 为 1.25mg/mL，治疗指数为 50。此外，当在病毒感染前 30 分钟或后 30 分钟添加 0.1mg/mL 提取物时，可将斑块数量减少到零或接近零。
目前正在研究该提取物抑制 HSV 1 和 HSV 2 病毒的机制，同时还在对丙酮提取物进行分离，以寻找活性化合物或化合物。
