Margineanu Doru Georg
Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.
Neuroreport. 2010 Oct 27;21(15):963-7. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32833ed111.
Synchronization of neuronal responses, which allows coordination of distributed activity patterns, is instrumental in brain functioning, as altered neuronal synchronization is involved in a variety of brain pathologies. Epileptic hypersynchrony chiefly relies on brain wiring, which, in a broader sense, means including astrocytic release of gliotransmitters and electrotonic coupling through gap junctions, beyond classical synaptic connections. Epileptic hypersynchrony also relies on electrical field effects and ion concentration changes in the extracellular space, and it relates to intracellular mechanisms underlying neuronal hyperexcitability. The current lack of a specific impact of hypersynchrony on antiepileptic drug development might be next surpassed, as hypersynchrony seems to be a worthy and approachable, though challenging target of antiepileptic pharmacology.
神经元反应的同步化能够协调分布式活动模式，对大脑功能至关重要，因为神经元同步化改变涉及多种脑部病变。癫痫性高同步化主要依赖于脑布线，从更广泛的意义上讲，这意味着除了经典的突触连接外，还包括星形胶质细胞释放神经胶质递质以及通过缝隙连接进行电紧张耦合。癫痫性高同步化还依赖于细胞外空间的电场效应和离子浓度变化，并且与神经元过度兴奋的细胞内机制有关。由于高同步化似乎是抗癫痫药理学中一个有价值且可实现但具有挑战性的靶点，目前其对抗癫痫药物研发缺乏具体影响的情况可能会在未来被超越。
