Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12(4):135. doi: 10.1186/ar3105. Epub 2010 Aug 23.
Based on their capacity to suppress immune responses, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are intensively studied for regenerative medicine. Moreover, MSCs are potent immunomodulatory cells that occur through the secretion of soluble mediators including nitric oxide, transforming growth factor beta, and HLAG5. The MSCs, however, are also able to express inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2 or IL-6. MSCs in the bone marrow are in close contact with T cells and B cells, and they regulate immunological memory by organizing defined numbers of dedicated survival niches for plasma cells and memory T cells in the bone marrow. The role of MSCs in arthritis remains controversial - in some studies, murine allogeneic MSCs are able to decrease arthritis; in other studies, MSCs worsen the local inflammation. A recent paper in Arthritis Research and Therapy shows that bone marrow MSCs have decreased osteoblastic potential in rheumatoid arthritis, which may be related to chronic inflammation or to loss of expression of IL-1 receptor agonist. That article raises the importance of the bone marrow microenvironment for MSC biology.
基于其抑制免疫反应的能力，多能间充质基质细胞（MSCs）被深入研究用于再生医学。此外，MSCs 是有效的免疫调节细胞，通过分泌包括一氧化氮、转化生长因子-β 和 HLA-G5 在内的可溶性介质发挥作用。然而，MSCs 也能够表达炎症介质，如前列腺素 E2 或 IL-6。骨髓中的 MSCs 与 T 细胞和 B 细胞密切接触，通过在骨髓中为浆细胞和记忆 T 细胞组织特定数量的专用存活龛，调节免疫记忆。MSCs 在关节炎中的作用仍存在争议——在一些研究中，鼠同种异体 MSCs 能够减轻关节炎；在其他研究中，MSCs 加重局部炎症。最近在《关节炎研究与治疗》上的一篇论文表明，骨髓间充质干细胞在类风湿关节炎中骨生成潜能降低，这可能与慢性炎症或白细胞介素-1 受体激动剂表达缺失有关。该文章提出了骨髓微环境对 MSC 生物学的重要性。
