Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
J Proteome Res. 2010 Oct 1;9(10):5284-95. doi: 10.1021/pr100554m.
A major source of intestinal metabolites results from both host and microbial processing of dietary nutrients. (1)H NMR-based metabolic profiling of mouse feces was carried out over time in different microbiome mouse models, including conventional (n = 9), conventionalized (n = 10), and "humanized" gnotobiotic mice inoculated with a model of human baby microbiota (HBM, n = 17). HBM mice were supplemented with Lactobacillus paracasei with (n = 10) and without (n = 7) prebiotics. Animals not supplemented with prebiotics received a diet enriched in glucose and lactose as placebo. In conventionalized animals, microbial populations and activities converged in term of multivariate mapping toward conventional mice. Both groups decreased bacterial processing of dietary proteins when switching to a diet enriched in glucose and lactose, as described with low levels of 5-aminovalerate, acetate, and propionate and high levels of lysine and arginine. The HBM model differs from conventional and conventionalized microbiota in terms of type, proportion, and metabolic activity of gut bacteria (lower short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, 5-aminovalerate, and oligosaccharides, higher bile acids and choline). The probiotics supplementation of HBM mice was associated with a specific amino acid pattern that can be linked to L. paracasei proteolytic activities. The combination of L. paracasei with the galactosyl-oligosaccharide prebiotics was related to the enhanced growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and a specific metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and SCFAs. The present study describes how the assessment of metabolic changes in feces may provide information for studying nutrient-microbiota relationships in different microbiome mouse models.
肠道代谢物的主要来源来自宿主和微生物对膳食营养素的处理。（1）H NMR 基于代谢组学的粪便代谢物分析在不同的微生物群小鼠模型中随时间进行，包括常规（n = 9）、常规化（n = 10）和“人源化”无菌小鼠接种模型的人类婴儿微生物群（HBM，n = 17）。HBM 小鼠用（n = 10）和不用（n = 7）益生元补充了副干酪乳杆菌。未用益生元补充的动物接受了富含葡萄糖和乳糖的饮食作为安慰剂。在常规化动物中，微生物种群和活性在多变量映射方面向常规小鼠趋同。两组在切换到富含葡萄糖和乳糖的饮食时，都减少了对膳食蛋白质的细菌处理，这可以用低水平的 5-氨基戊酸、乙酸和丙酸以及高水平的赖氨酸和精氨酸来描述。HBM 模型在肠道细菌的类型、比例和代谢活性方面与常规和常规化微生物群不同（短链脂肪酸 (SCFA)、乳酸、5-氨基戊酸和低聚糖减少，胆汁酸和胆碱升高）。HBM 小鼠的益生菌补充与特定的氨基酸模式相关，可与副干酪乳杆菌的蛋白水解活性相关。副干酪乳杆菌与半乳糖基低聚糖益生元的组合与双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的生长增强以及碳水化合物、蛋白质和 SCFA 的特定代谢有关。本研究描述了如何评估粪便中的代谢变化可能为研究不同微生物群小鼠模型中营养-微生物群关系提供信息。
