Traffic and Environmental Psychology Group, Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712TS Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Safety Res. 2010 Aug;41(4):359-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2010.03.006. Epub 2010 Jun 23.
The New Zealand Graduated Driver Licensing System (GDLS) is designed to allow novice drivers to gain driving experience under conditions of reduced risk.
To examine the effectiveness of the GDLS, an analysis of how the crash involvement of novice drivers changes as drivers move through the GDLS was undertaken. Crash profiles were created by data matching the New Zealand license and crash databases, covering a time period from 1999-2006.
The crash profiles show that the initial learner period of the GDLS is relatively safe and the time at which novice drivers have the highest rate of crash involvement is during the first few months of solo driving. Analysis using logistic regression also showed an effect of age and gender, with higher crash involvement associated with younger drivers and males. In addition, individuals who gained a full license within 12-18 months of holding a restricted license, due to completion of a time-discount associated educational program, had a higher level of involvement in crashes than individuals who gained a full license after 18 months.
The crash profiles provide an insight into the crash risk associated with different phases of the New Zealand GDLS.
Increasing the age at which drivers first begin to solo drive and the removal of the time-discount associated with completion of an educational program should be considered.
新西兰驾驶员执照分级系统（GDLS）旨在使新手驾驶员在风险降低的情况下获得驾驶经验。
为了检验 GDLS 的有效性，我们对新手驾驶员在通过 GDLS 期间的事故参与情况变化进行了分析。通过数据匹配新西兰驾照和事故数据库，创建了涵盖 1999 年至 2006 年期间的事故档案。
事故档案显示，GDLS 的初始学习阶段相对安全，新手驾驶员事故参与率最高的时间是在单独驾驶的头几个月。逻辑回归分析还显示了年龄和性别的影响，年轻驾驶员和男性驾驶员的事故参与率更高。此外，由于完成了与时间折扣相关的教育计划，在获得受限驾照后的 12-18 个月内获得全驾照的个人比在 18 个月后获得全驾照的个人在事故中的参与程度更高。
事故档案提供了对新西兰 GDLS 不同阶段相关碰撞风险的深入了解。
应考虑提高驾驶员首次单独驾驶的年龄，并取消与完成教育计划相关的时间折扣。
