Hafetz Jessica, Gervais Catherine, Long D Leann, Ford Carol, McDonald Catherine C
The University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Wake Forest University, USA.
Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2025 Oct;114:1268-1277. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.07.032. Epub 2025 Jul 23.
Many jurisdictions now require adult-supervised practice for learner drivers. For many younger drivers this entails supervision from parents. There is not consensus on how to best optimize this supervision or which factors influence how quickly young drivers progress through the learner period to obtain an independent license. Additionally, young male drivers are over-represented in fatal and serious crashes and it is unknown if this risk has a basis in their learner driver experiences. Using data from the control arm of the Drivingly Trial (554 parent-teen dyads) we examined how sociodemographic factors and parent-teen driving practice behaviours contributed to how quickly teens were licensed and determined if there were sex differences in how practice was experienced by teens. Greater practice variety was associated with faster licensure. Parent engagement with practice supervision increased over the learner period and teens became more supportive of their parents' supervision as their anticipated license date neared. Male and female teens did not differ with respect to their experience of supervised practice, pre-permit driving or time-to-licensure. White teens and teens from non-urban areas were licensed faster than other teens in our sample, all of whom began the study with a learner's permit and intention to get licensed. Licensing confers risks and opportunities for young people. Ensuring young learner drivers practice in a range of different driving environments is important. More research is needed to determine how to reduce structural and social barriers to licensure without conferring an increased crash risk.
现在，许多司法管辖区都要求对学习驾驶的人进行成人监督下的练习。对于许多年轻驾驶者来说，这意味着要接受父母的监督。对于如何最好地优化这种监督，或者哪些因素会影响年轻驾驶者在学习期内多快能获得独立驾照，目前尚无共识。此外，年轻男性驾驶者在致命和严重撞车事故中所占比例过高，而这种风险是否源于他们作为学习驾驶者的经历尚不清楚。我们利用“驾驶试验”对照组的数据（554对父母与青少年组合），研究了社会人口因素和父母与青少年的驾驶练习行为如何影响青少年获得驾照的速度，并确定青少年在练习体验方面是否存在性别差异。更多样化的练习与更快获得驾照相关。在学习期内，父母对练习监督的参与度有所提高，随着预期领证日期临近，青少年对父母监督的支持度也更高。在接受监督的练习、获得驾照前的驾驶或获得驾照所需时间方面，青少年男女没有差异。在我们的样本中，白人青少年和来自非城市地区的青少年比其他青少年获得驾照的速度更快，所有这些青少年在开始研究时都持有学习许可证并打算获得驾照。获得驾照给年轻人带来了风险和机遇。确保年轻的学习驾驶者在一系列不同的驾驶环境中练习非常重要。需要更多研究来确定如何减少获得驾照的结构性和社会障碍，同时又不增加撞车风险。
