Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
Chem Rec. 2010 Oct;10(5):332-41. doi: 10.1002/tcr.201000020.
This article addresses a fascinating aspect of flash chemistry, high-resolution reaction-time control by virtue of a flow microreactor system, and its applications. The length of time that the solution remains inside the reactor is called the residence time. The residence time between the addition of a reagent and that of a quenching agent or the next reagent in a flow microreactor is the reaction time, and the reaction time can be greatly reduced by adjusting the length of a reaction channel in a flow microreactor. This feature is quite effective for conducting reactions involving short-lived reactive intermediates. A reactive species can be generated and transferred to another location to be used in the next reaction before it decomposes by adjusting the residence time in the millisecond to second timescale. The principle of such high-resolution reaction-time control, which can be achieved only by flow microreactors, and its applications to synthetic reactions including Swern-Moffatt-type oxidation, as well as the generation and reactions of aryllithium compounds bearing electrophilic substituents, such as alkoxycarbonyl groups, are presented. Integration of such reactions using integrated flow microreactor systems is also demonstrated.
本文探讨了闪光化学的一个有趣方面，即通过流动微反应器系统实现高分辨率的反应时间控制及其应用。溶液在反应器中停留的时间称为停留时间。在流动微反应器中，试剂的添加与淬灭剂或下一种试剂的添加之间的停留时间即为反应时间，通过调整流动微反应器中反应通道的长度，可以大大缩短反应时间。对于涉及短寿命反应中间体的反应，这一特性非常有效。通过调整毫秒到秒的时间尺度内的停留时间，可以在反应物质分解之前将其生成并转移到另一个位置，用于下一个反应。只有通过流动微反应器才能实现这种高分辨率的反应时间控制的原理，以及其在合成反应中的应用，包括 Swern-Moffatt 型氧化反应，以及带有亲电取代基（如烷氧基羰基）的芳基锂化合物的生成和反应，也得到了介绍。还展示了使用集成流动微反应器系统进行这些反应的集成。
