Department of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Sorlandet Hospital Arendal HF, Serviceboks 605, 4809, Arendal, Norway.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Feb;30(2):159-65. doi: 10.1007/s10096-010-1064-2. Epub 2010 Sep 18.
The purpose of this study was to compare the sampling efficacy of rayon swabs and nylon flocked swabs, and of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal specimens for the detection of respiratory viruses in elderly patients. Samples were obtained from patients 60 years of age or above who were newly admitted to Sorlandet Hospital Arendal, Norway. The patients were interviewed for current symptoms of a respiratory tract infection. Using rayon swabs and nylon flocked swabs, comparable sets of mucosal samples were harvested from the nasopharynx and the oropharynx. The samples were analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. A total of 223 patients (mean age 74.9 years, standard deviation [SD] 9.0 years) were swabbed and a virus was recovered from 11% of the symptomatic patients. Regardless of the sampling site, a calculated 4.8 times higher viral load (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-17, p = 0.017) was obtained using the nylon flocked swabs as compared to the rayon swabs. Also, regardless of the type of swab, a calculated 19 times higher viral load was found in the samples from the nasopharynx as compared to the oropharynx (95% CI 5.4-67.4, p < 0.001). When swabbing for respiratory viruses in elderly patients, nasopharyngeal rather than oropharyngeal samples should be obtained. Nylon flocked swabs appear to be more efficient than rayon swabs.
本研究旨在比较粘拭子和尼龙植绒拭子在采集老年患者呼吸道病毒标本中的采样效果，比较口咽和鼻咽标本对呼吸道病毒的检测效果。从挪威阿伦达尔索尔兰德医院新入院的 60 岁及以上患者中采集样本。对患者进行了有关呼吸道感染当前症状的访谈。使用粘拭子和尼龙植绒拭子，从鼻咽和口咽采集了可比的粘膜样本。使用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法对样本进行分析。共对 223 名患者（平均年龄 74.9 岁，标准差[SD]9.0 岁）进行了拭子采样，有症状的患者中有 11%病毒得到了恢复。无论采样部位如何，与粘拭子相比，尼龙植绒拭子采集的病毒载量均高出 4.8 倍（95%置信区间[CI]1.3-17，p=0.017）。此外，无论拭子类型如何，与口咽拭子相比，鼻咽拭子中的病毒载量均高出 19 倍（95%CI5.4-67.4，p<0.001）。在对老年患者进行呼吸道病毒采样时，应采集鼻咽而不是口咽样本。尼龙植绒拭子似乎比粘拭子更有效。
