Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
Mol Med. 2011 Jan-Feb;17(1-2):113-25. doi: 10.2119/molmed.2009.00153. Epub 2010 Oct 5.
Excessive scars form as a result of aberrations of physiologic wound healing and may arise following any insult to the deep dermis. By causing pain, pruritus and contractures, excessive scarring significantly affects the patient's quality of life, both physically and psychologically. Multiple studies on hypertrophic scar and keloid formation have been conducted for decades and have led to a plethora of therapeutic strategies to prevent or attenuate excessive scar formation. However, most therapeutic approaches remain clinically unsatisfactory, most likely owing to poor understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying the processes of scarring and wound contraction. In this review we summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiology underlying keloid and hypertrophic scar formation and discuss established treatments and novel therapeutic strategies.
过度瘢痕形成是由于生理伤口愈合的异常，可能在真皮深层受到任何损伤后发生。过度瘢痕形成会导致疼痛、瘙痒和挛缩，显著影响患者的生活质量，包括身体和心理方面。几十年来，人们对增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩的形成进行了多项研究，并提出了许多治疗策略来预防或减轻过度瘢痕形成。然而，大多数治疗方法在临床上仍然不尽如人意，这很可能是由于人们对瘢痕和伤口收缩过程中复杂机制的理解不足。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前对瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕形成的病理生理学的理解，并讨论了已确立的治疗方法和新的治疗策略。
