Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
J Periodontol. 2011 Mar;82(3):471-80. doi: 10.1902/jop.2010.100193. Epub 2010 Oct 8.
The ridge-preservation technique has been applied with membrane alone or membrane plus graft. Synthetic peptides, mimicking bioactive growth factor or extracellular matrix protein, have been attempted to provide an active surface of the biomaterials in inducing bone formation while alleviating the limitations of whole protein such as short half-life, immunologic responses. The aim of the present clinical study is to examine the osteogenic effect of synthetic oligopeptide-coated bone mineral compared to bone graft without peptide when applied with collagen membrane in a ridge-preservation technique.
Synthetic oligopeptide from the collagen-binding domain of osteopontin was chemically synthesized and coated onto the surface of bone mineral particulates. Ridge preservations were performed at 44 extraction sites in 42 patients (20 males and 22 females). Analyses of clinical parameters and histomorphometric evaluations were conducted to compare the osteogenic effects of the grafts between baseline and 6 months.
In the bone grafts of the control group treated without synthetic peptide, new bone formation was only seen around borders and basal areas. However, new bone was observed broadly in the defects of the test group treated with synthetic peptide-coated bone mineral, as seen not only at peripheries but also in the central and coronal parts of bone cores in the defects. The average percentage of new bone formation was significantly higher in the test group (5.3% ± 8.3% versus 10.4% ± 4.6%). The contact percentages between the graft particles and the new bone were 8.2% ± 11.3% for the control group and 20.4% ± 7.5% for the test group (P <0.05).
The ridge-preservation approach using synthetic oligopeptide-coated bone mineral with collagen membrane effectively prevented the resorption of hard tissue with higher bone-to-graft contact, and the oligopeptide-coated bone may be a choice for ridge-preservation procedures while assuring new bone formation.
目前，在保存牙槽嵴的技术中，单独使用或结合使用膜和移植物的方法都有应用。为了提供生物材料的活性表面，从而诱导骨形成，同时缓解全蛋白（如半衰期短、免疫反应等）的局限性，人们尝试使用模仿生物活性生长因子或细胞外基质蛋白的合成肽。本临床研究的目的是比较在保存牙槽嵴技术中使用胶原膜时，与无肽骨移植物相比，合成肽涂层的骨矿物质对骨形成的影响。
从骨桥蛋白的胶原结合域化学合成合成的短肽并涂覆在骨矿物质颗粒的表面。在 42 名患者（20 名男性和 22 名女性）的 44 个拔牙窝中进行牙槽嵴保存。分析临床参数和组织形态计量学评估，以比较基线和 6 个月时移植物的成骨效果。
在未用合成肽处理的对照组的移植物中，仅在边缘和基底区域可见新骨形成。然而，在用合成肽涂层的骨矿物质处理的实验组的缺陷中，广泛观察到新骨形成，不仅在边缘，而且在骨芯的中央和冠状部分都有新骨形成。实验组的新骨形成百分比平均明显较高（5.3%±8.3%比 10.4%±4.6%）。对照组的移植物颗粒与新骨的接触百分比为 8.2%±11.3%，实验组为 20.4%±7.5%（P<0.05）。
使用胶原膜的合成短肽涂层骨矿物质的牙槽嵴保存方法可有效防止硬组织吸收，提高骨与移植物的接触率，且短肽涂层骨可能是牙槽嵴保存程序的选择，同时可保证新骨形成。
