Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St.Louis, MO 63108, USA.
Addict Behav. 2011 Jan-Feb;36(1-2):103-9. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.09.002. Epub 2010 Sep 25.
Non-medical use of sedatives is an ongoing problem. However, very little is known about the characteristics of individuals who use sedatives non-medically, or the motives behind such use. The present analysis, involving a sample of individuals reporting non-medical use of sedatives in the past 12 months (N=188), examined the relationship between socio-demographic variables, past-year use of other licit and illicit drugs, type of non-medical use (use in ways other than as prescribed, use when not prescribed, or both), motives, and past 12-month sedative use. Past 12-month sedative use was dichotomized as Heavy Use (>90 pills in past 12 months) and Less Heavy Use (≤90 pills), using a median split. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that Heavy Use of sedatives was significantly associated with positive diagnoses for sedative use disorder and prescription opioid use disorder, a higher number of motives for sedative use, and reporting 'sedative use in ways other than as prescribed' and 'both forms of non-medical use, namely, other than as prescribed, and when not prescribed,' compared to non-prescribed use. Although in univariate analyses a positive diagnosis for past 12-month cocaine use disorder, and individual motives for sedative use such as 'to get high' and 'for pain relief', significantly predicted past 12-month Heavy Use, their effects diminished and became non-significant after adjusting for other covariates. Findings underscore the need for considering differential risk factors in tailoring preventive interventions for reducing non-medical sedative use.
非医疗用途镇静剂的问题一直存在。然而，人们对非医疗使用镇静剂的个体特征或这种使用背后的动机知之甚少。本分析涉及报告过去 12 个月内非医疗使用镇静剂的个体样本（N=188），研究了社会人口统计学变量、过去一年其他合法和非法药物的使用、非医疗使用的类型（按照规定以外的方式使用、未规定时使用或两者兼有）、动机与过去 12 个月镇静剂使用之间的关系。过去 12 个月的镇静剂使用情况分为两种：重度使用（过去 12 个月内使用超过 90 片）和非重度使用（使用不超过 90 片），采用中位数分割法。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，与未规定时使用相比，镇静剂的重度使用与镇静剂使用障碍和处方阿片类药物使用障碍的阳性诊断、更多的镇静剂使用动机、报告“按照规定以外的方式使用镇静剂”和“两种非医疗使用形式，即未规定时使用和按照规定以外的方式使用”显著相关。尽管在单变量分析中，过去 12 个月可卡因使用障碍的阳性诊断以及镇静剂使用的个体动机，如“寻求快感”和“缓解疼痛”，显著预测了过去 12 个月的重度使用，但在调整了其他协变量后，这些因素的影响减弱且变得不显著。研究结果强调了在制定预防干预措施以减少非医疗镇静剂使用时需要考虑差异化风险因素的必要性。
