Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Psychiatry, Center for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2014 Jul;56(3):246-52. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.140619.
Nonmedical sedative use is emerging as a serious problem in India. However, there is paucity of literature on the patterns of use in the population.
The aim of the present analysis was to explore sedative use patterns in an urban metropolis.
Data for the present analysis come from the parent study on nonmedical prescription drug use in Bengaluru, India. Participants (n = 717) were recruited using a mall-intercept approach, wherein they were intercepted in five randomly selected shopping malls, and administered an interview on their use of prescription drugs.
Past 12-month nonmedical sedative use was reported by 12%, benzodiazepines being the commonest. Reasons cited for nonmedical use included "sleeplessness, pain relief, stress." A majority (73%) reported sedative use "in ways other than as prescribed," compared to "use without prescription" (27%). All prescriptions were issued by general physicians in private hospitals. About 11% among those who used "in ways other than as prescribed," and 100% of nonprescribed users, reported irregular use (skipping doses/stopping/restarting). Among those who used "in ways other than prescribed," pharmacy stores were the source of obtaining the sedatives. Among "nonprescribed users," family/friends were the main source. Three-percent reported using sedatives and alcohol together in the same use episode. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, nonmedical sedative use was significantly associated with graduation-level education or above (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-4.91), and married status (aOR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.04-5.18).
Findings underscore the need for considering various contextual factors in tailoring preventive interventions for reducing nonmedical sedative use.
非医疗镇静剂的使用在印度已成为一个严重的问题。然而，关于该人群使用模式的文献却很少。
本分析旨在探索城市大都市镇静剂的使用模式。
本分析的数据来自印度班加罗尔非医疗处方药物使用的母研究。参与者（n=717）通过商场拦截法招募，在五个随机选择的购物中心拦截他们，并对他们使用处方药物的情况进行访谈。
过去 12 个月有 12%的人报告使用过非医疗镇静剂，最常见的是苯二氮䓬类药物。非医疗使用的原因包括“失眠、止痛、缓解压力”。大多数人（73%）报告说以“非医嘱的方式”使用镇静剂，而非“无医嘱使用”（27%）。所有处方均由私人医院的全科医生开出。在以“非医嘱的方式”使用的人中，约有 11%和 100%的非处方使用者报告不规则使用（跳过剂量/停止/重新开始）。在以“非医嘱的方式”使用的人中，药店是获得镇静剂的来源。在“非处方使用者”中，家人/朋友是主要来源。有 3%的人报告在同一使用过程中同时使用镇静剂和酒精。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，非医疗镇静剂的使用与毕业或以上学历（调整优势比[aOR]：2.53，95%置信区间[CI]：1.30-4.91）和已婚状况（aOR：2.32，95% CI：1.04-5.18）显著相关。
研究结果强调，在制定减少非医疗镇静剂使用的预防干预措施时，需要考虑各种背景因素。
