Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Phytochemistry. 2010 Dec;71(17-18):1940-51. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.09.001. Epub 2010 Oct 11.
The present state of knowledge of the phytochemistry of small molecules isolated from the roots and leaves of cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae), is reviewed. Cassava roots are an important source of dietary and industrial carbohydrates, mainly eaten as a source of starch, forming the staple food to over 500 million; additionally, the roots have value as a raw material for industrial starch production and for animal feed giving the crop high economic value, but it suffers markedly from post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD). The hydroxycoumarins scopoletin and its glucoside scopolin as well as trace quantities of esculetin and its glucoside esculin are identified from cassava roots during PPD. The biotechnological prospects for cassava are also reviewed including a critical appraisal of transgenic approaches for crop improvement, together with its use for bioethanol production, due to cassava's efficient ability to fix carbon dioxide into carbohydrate.
综述了从小叶橡胶树（Euphorbiaceae）的根和叶中分离得到的小分子的植物化学研究现状。木薯根是膳食和工业碳水化合物的重要来源，主要作为淀粉的来源食用，为 5 亿多人提供主食；此外，木薯根还具有作为工业淀粉生产和动物饲料原料的价值，使该作物具有很高的经济价值，但它明显受到收获后生理恶化（PPD）的影响。在 PPD 过程中从小叶橡胶树根中鉴定出羟基香豆素（scopoletin）及其糖苷scopolin 以及痕量的esculetin 和其糖苷esculetin。还综述了木薯的生物技术前景，包括对作物改良的转基因方法的严格评估，以及由于木薯具有将二氧化碳高效固定为碳水化合物的能力，因此可用于生产生物乙醇。
