生殖环境健康。
Reproductive environmental health.
机构信息
Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Dec;22(6):517-24. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283404e59.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
There is heightened recognition that the environment is an important driver of human reproductive health. This article provides an overview of the nature and extent of the science in the field of reproductive environmental health and its implications for OB/GYN clinical practice.
RECENT FINDINGS
Women of childbearing age incur ubiquitous contact to numerous toxic environmental contaminants. Even subtle perturbations caused by chemical exposures during critical and sensitive windows of development may lead to increased risks of disease and disability across the entire span of human life. The strength of the evidence is sufficiently high that leading scientists and clinicians have called for timely action to prevent harm.
SUMMARY
OB/GYNs are uniquely poised to intervene in critical stages of human development (i.e., preconception and during pregnancy) to prevent harm. Efforts are underway to provide clinicians with the evidence-based foundation to develop recommendations for prevention. If adopted, current directions in toxicity testing, risk assessment and policy are likely to create important changes in how environmental chemicals are evaluated and regulated in the future. Together, these changes have the potential to assist in clinical assessment of patient risk and reductions in patient exposure to environmental contaminants linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes.
目的综述
人们日益认识到环境是影响人类生殖健康的重要因素。本文概述了生殖环境健康领域的科学性质和范围，及其对妇产科临床实践的意义。
最近的发现
育龄妇女普遍接触到许多有毒的环境污染物。即使是在发育关键和敏感时期接触化学物质引起的细微干扰，也可能导致人类整个生命周期内疾病和残疾风险的增加。证据的强度足够高，以至于一些顶尖科学家和临床医生呼吁采取及时行动来预防危害。
总结
妇产科医生在预防危害方面处于独特的地位，可以在人类发育的关键阶段（即受孕前和怀孕期间）进行干预。目前正在努力为临床医生提供循证基础，以制定预防建议。如果被采纳，未来毒性测试、风险评估和政策的方向可能会对环境化学物质的评估和监管方式产生重大影响。这些变化有可能帮助临床评估患者的风险，并减少与不良生殖健康结果相关的环境污染物暴露。
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