Department of Urologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
BJU Int. 2011 Apr;107(7):1130-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09694.x. Epub 2010 Oct 4.
• To assess the content validity of an early prototype robotic simulator. Minimally invasive surgery poses challenges for training future surgeons. The Robotic Surgical Simulator (RoSS) is a novel virtual reality simulator for the da Vinci Surgical System.
• Participants attending the 2010 International Robotic Urology Symposium were invited to experience RoSS. Afterwards, participants completed a survey regarding the appropriateness of the simulator as a teaching tool.
• Forty-two subjects including surgeons experienced with robotics (n= 31) and novices (n= 11) participated in this study. • Eighty per cent of the entire cohort had an average of 4 years of experience with robot-assisted surgery. • Eleven (26%) novices lacked independent robot-assisted experience. The expert group comprised 17 (41%) surgeons averaging 881 (160-2200) robot-assisted cases. Experts rated the 'clutch control' virtual simulation task as a good (71%) or excellent (29%) teaching tool. • Seventy-eight per cent rated the 'ball place' task as good or excellent but 22% rated it as poor. • Twenty-seven per cent rated the 'needle removal' task as an excellent teaching tool, 60% rated it good and 13% rated it poor. • Ninety-one per cent rated the 'fourth arm tissue removal' task as good or excellent. • Ninety-four per cent responded that RoSS would be useful for training purposes. • Eighty-eight per cent felt that RoSS would be an appropriate training and testing format before operating room experience for residents. • Seventy-nine per cent indicated that RoSS could be used for privileging or certifying in robotic surgery.
• Results based on expert evaluation of RoSS as a teaching modality illustrate that RoSS has appropriate content validity.
评估早期机器人模拟器原型的内容效度。微创手术对培训未来外科医生提出了挑战。机器人手术模拟器（RoSS）是达芬奇手术系统的一种新型虚拟现实模拟器。
邀请参加 2010 年国际机器人泌尿外科研讨会的参与者体验 RoSS。之后，参与者完成了一项关于模拟器作为教学工具的适宜性的调查。
本研究共有 42 名参与者，包括有机器人手术经验的外科医生（n=31）和新手（n=11）。整个队列中有 80%的人平均有 4 年机器人辅助手术经验。11 名新手（26%）缺乏独立的机器人辅助经验。专家组由 17 名（41%）外科医生组成，平均有 881 例（160-2200 例）机器人辅助手术经验。专家将“离合器控制”虚拟模拟任务评为良好（71%）或优秀（29%）的教学工具。78%的人将“球放置”任务评为良好或优秀，但 22%的人认为它较差。27%的人将“取针”任务评为优秀的教学工具，60%的人认为它良好，13%的人认为它较差。91%的人将“第四臂组织切除”任务评为良好或优秀。94%的人表示 RoSS 将有助于培训目的。88%的人认为 RoSS 将是住院医师手术室经验之前的合适培训和测试格式。79%的人表示 RoSS 可用于机器人手术的授权或认证。
基于专家对 RoSS 作为教学模式的评估结果表明，RoSS 具有适当的内容效度。
