Pasque V, Miyamoto K, Gurdon J B
The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, United Kingdom.
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2010;75:189-200. doi: 10.1101/sqb.2010.75.002. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
The differentiated state of somatic cells is highly stable, but it can be experimentally reversed. The resulting cells can then be redirected into many different pathways. Nuclear reprogramming has been achieved by nuclear transfer to eggs, cell fusion, and overexpression of transcription factors. The mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming are not understood, but some insight into them is provided by comparing the efficiencies of different reprogramming strategies. Here, we compare these efficiencies by describing the frequency and rapidity with which reprogramming is induced and by the proportion of cells and level of expression in which reprogramming is achieved. We comment on the mechanisms that lead to successful somatic-cell reprogramming and on those that resist in helping to maintain the differentiated state of somatic cells.
体细胞的分化状态高度稳定，但可通过实验实现逆转。随后产生的细胞能够被引导进入许多不同的途径。通过将细胞核移植到卵细胞、细胞融合以及转录因子的过表达已实现了细胞核重编程。细胞核重编程的机制尚不清楚，但通过比较不同重编程策略的效率可对其有一些了解。在此，我们通过描述重编程诱导的频率和速度以及实现重编程的细胞比例和表达水平来比较这些效率。我们对导致成功的体细胞重编程的机制以及那些有助于维持体细胞分化状态的抗性机制进行了评论。
