MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Nov 5;59(43):1400-6.
The health consequences of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use both have been well documented, including increased risk for lung, throat, oral, and other types of cancers. To assess state-specific current cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use among adults, CDC analyzed data from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated wide variation in self-reported cigarette smoking prevalence (range: 6.4% [U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI)] to 25.6% [Kentucky and West Virginia]) and smokeless tobacco use (range: 0.8% [USVI] to 9.1% [Wyoming]). For 15 of the states, Puerto Rico, and Guam, smoking prevalence was significantly higher among men than among women. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use was higher among men than women in all states and territories. Smokeless tobacco use was highest among persons aged 18--24 years and those with a high school education or less. From 0.9% (Puerto Rico) to 13.7% (Wyoming) of current smokers reported also using smokeless tobacco. Clinicians should identify all tobacco use in their patients and advise those who use any tobacco product to quit. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends implementing this approach in combination with other measures, including raising excise taxes on tobacco and strengthening smoke-free policies to prevent tobacco-related deaths.
吸烟和使用无烟烟草对健康的影响都有充分的记录，包括增加患肺癌、喉咙癌、口腔癌和其他类型癌症的风险。为了评估各州成年人当前吸烟和使用无烟烟草的情况，疾病预防控制中心分析了 2009 年行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据。本报告总结了该分析的结果，表明自我报告的吸烟率（范围：6.4%[美属维尔京群岛]至 25.6%[肯塔基州和西弗吉尼亚州]）和使用无烟烟草的情况（范围：0.8%[美属维尔京群岛]至 9.1%[怀俄明州]）存在广泛差异。在 15 个州、波多黎各和美属关岛，男性吸烟率明显高于女性。所有州和地区的男性使用无烟烟草的比例均高于女性。使用无烟烟草的人主要是 18-24 岁的人和高中及以下学历的人。在当前吸烟者中，有 0.9%（波多黎各）至 13.7%（怀俄明州）的人同时也使用无烟烟草。临床医生应该在患者中识别所有的烟草使用情况，并建议任何使用烟草产品的人戒烟。世界卫生组织（WHO）建议采取这种方法与其他措施相结合，包括提高烟草消费税和加强无烟政策，以防止与烟草相关的死亡。
