Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Biomaterials. 2011 Feb;32(4):1121-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.10.030. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
The present study compared the photothermal anticancer activity of near-infrared (NIR)-excited graphene nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNT). Despite lower NIR-absorbing capacity, suspension of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated graphene sheets exposed to NIR radiation (808 nm, 2 W/cm(2)) generated more heat than DNA or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate-solubilized single-wall CNT under the same conditions. Accordingly, graphene nanoparticles performed significantly better than CNT in inducing photothermal death of U251 human glioma cells in vitro. The superior photothermal sensitivity of graphene sheets could be largely explained by their better dispersivity, which has been supported by a simple calculation taking into account thermodynamic, optical and geometrical properties of the two type of carbon nanoparticles. The mechanisms of graphene-mediated photothermal killing of cancer cells apparently involved oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane depolarization resulting in mixed apoptotic and necrotic cell death characterized by caspase activation/DNA fragmentation and cell membrane damage, respectively.
本研究比较了近红外（NIR）激发的石墨烯纳米粒子和碳纳米管（CNT）的光热抗癌活性。尽管 NIR 吸收能力较低，但在相同条件下，暴露于 NIR 辐射（808nm，2W/cm²）的聚维酮包覆石墨烯片的悬浮液产生的热量比 DNA 或十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶解的单壁 CNT 多。因此，石墨烯纳米粒子在体外诱导 U251 人神经胶质瘤细胞光热死亡方面的性能明显优于 CNT。石墨烯片具有更好的光热敏感性，这主要可以归因于其更好的分散性，这一点已经通过考虑两种类型的碳纳米粒子的热力学、光学和几何特性的简单计算得到了支持。石墨烯介导的光热杀伤癌细胞的机制显然涉及氧化应激和线粒体膜去极化，导致细胞死亡的特征分别为 caspase 激活/DNA 片段化和细胞膜损伤的混合凋亡和坏死。
