Woo Mi-Hye, Park Soojin, Woo Jeong-Taek, Choue Ryowon
Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.
Korean Diabetes J. 2010 Oct;34(5):303-11. doi: 10.4093/kdj.2010.34.5.303. Epub 2010 Oct 31.
Identification of dietary patterns is important for glycemic management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Elderly T2DM patients (> 65 years of age, n = 48) were categorized based on their concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)). Subjects with HbA(1c) levels below 7% were placed in the good control (GC) group and those with HbA(1c) levels equal to or above 8% were placed in the poor control (PC) group. Anthropometric data, blood parameters, and dietary intake records were compared between the groups. Statistical analysis included Student's t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation coefficient test.
Anthropometric data, including body mass index (24.7 ± 2.9 kg/m(2)), did not differ between the GC and PC groups. Significant abnormalities in blood glucose levels (P < 0.01), lean body mass (P < 0.01), and plasma protein and albumin levels (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) were found in the PC group. In contrast to the GC group, the PC group depended on carbohydrate (P = 0.014) rather than protein (P = 0.013) or fat (P = 0.005) as a major source of energy, and had a lower index of nutritional quality for nutrients such as protein (P = 0.001), and all vitamins and minerals (P < 0.001, 0.01, or 0.05 for individual nutrients), except vitamin C, in their usual diet. Negative correlations between HbA(1c) levels and protein (r = -0.338, P < 0.05) or fat (r = -0.385, P < 0.01) intakes were also found.
Healthcare professionals should encourage elderly diabetic patients to consume a balanced diet to maintain good glycemic control.
识别饮食模式对于老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的血糖管理很重要。
老年T2DM患者（年龄>65岁，n = 48）根据糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）浓度进行分类。HbA1c水平低于7%的受试者被归入良好控制（GC）组，HbA1c水平等于或高于8%的受试者被归入控制不佳（PC）组。比较两组之间的人体测量数据、血液参数和饮食摄入记录。统计分析包括Student t检验、卡方检验和Pearson相关系数检验。
包括体重指数（24.7±2.9 kg/m2）在内的人体测量数据在GC组和PC组之间没有差异。PC组血糖水平（P<0.01）、去脂体重（P<0.01）以及血浆蛋白和白蛋白水平（P<0.05，P<0.01）存在显著异常。与GC组相比，PC组依赖碳水化合物（P = 0.014）而非蛋白质（P = 0.013）或脂肪（P = 0.005）作为主要能量来源，并且其日常饮食中蛋白质（P = 0.001）以及除维生素C外的所有维生素和矿物质（个别营养素P<0.001、0.01或0.05）的营养质量指数较低。还发现HbA1c水平与蛋白质摄入量（r = -0.338，P<0.05）或脂肪摄入量（r = -0.385，P<0.01）之间呈负相关。
医护人员应鼓励老年糖尿病患者均衡饮食以维持良好的血糖控制。
