Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Int J Biometeorol. 2011 Jul;55(4):547-54. doi: 10.1007/s00484-010-0373-6. Epub 2010 Nov 16.
The alternative transportation strategy implemented during the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing provided an opportunity to study the impact of the control measures and weather conditions on air quality and asthma morbidity. An ecological study compared the 41 days of the Olympic Games (8 August-17 September 2008) to a baseline period (1-30 June). Also, in order to emphasize the impact of weather conditions on air quality, a pollution linking meteorological index (Plam) was introduced to represent the air pollution meteorological condition. Our study showed that the average number of outpatient visits for asthma was 12.5 per day at baseline and 7.3 per day during the Olympics-a 41.6% overall decrease. Compared with the baseline, the Games were associated with a significant reduction in asthma visits (RR 0.58, 95%CI: 0.52-0.65). At 16.5 visits per day, asthma visits were also significantly higher, during the pre-Olympic period (RR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.15-1.52). The study also showed that the RR of asthma events on a given day, as well as the average daily peak ozone concentration during the preceding 48-72 h, increased at cumulative ozone concentrations of 70 to 100 ppb and 100 ppb or more compared with ozone concentrations of less than 70 ppb (P < 0.05). We concluded that along with "good" weather conditions, efforts to reduce traffic congestion in Beijing during the Olympic Games were associated with a prolonged reduction in air pollution and significantly lower rates of adult asthma events. These data provide support for efforts to reduce air pollution and improve health via reductions in motor vehicle traffic.
在 2008 年北京夏季奥运会期间实施的替代交通策略为研究控制措施和天气条件对空气质量和哮喘发病率的影响提供了机会。一项生态研究将奥运会的 41 天（2008 年 8 月 8 日至 9 月 17 日）与基线期（6 月 1 日至 30 日）进行了比较。此外，为了强调天气条件对空气质量的影响，引入了污染联系气象指数（Plam）来代表空气污染气象条件。我们的研究表明，基线期哮喘门诊就诊人数的平均值为每天 12.5 人，奥运会期间为每天 7.3 人，总体下降了 41.6%。与基线相比，奥运会与哮喘就诊人数的显著减少有关（RR0.58，95%CI：0.52-0.65）。在奥运会前的期间，哮喘就诊人数也明显更高，每天 16.5 次就诊（RR1.32，95%CI：1.15-1.52）。该研究还表明，在给定日期哮喘事件的 RR 以及前 48-72 小时内平均每日臭氧浓度峰值，在臭氧浓度达到 70 至 100 ppb 及 100 ppb 或更高时，与臭氧浓度小于 70 ppb 相比有所增加（P<0.05）。我们得出结论，与“良好”的天气条件一起，北京在奥运会期间努力减少交通拥堵与空气污染的长期减少以及成人哮喘事件发生率的显著降低有关。这些数据为通过减少机动车交通来减少空气污染和改善健康的努力提供了支持。
