Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
BJU Int. 2010 Dec;106(11):1578-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09510.x.
• Positron emission tomography (PET) is a diagnostic tool using radiotracers to show changes in metabolic activities in tissues. We analysed the role of PET and PET/computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of urological tumours. • A critical, non-structured review of the literature of the role of PET and PET/CT in urological oncology was conducted. • PET and PET/CT can play a role in the management of urological malignancies. For prostate cancer, the advances in radiotracers seems promising, with novel radiotracers yielding better diagnostic and staging results than 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). In kidney cancer, PET and PET/CT allow a proper diagnosis before the pathological examination of the surgical specimen. For testis cancer, PET and PET/CT have been shown to be useful in the management of seminoma tumours. In bladder cancer, these scans allow a better initial diagnosis for invasive cancer, while detecting occult metastases. • PET and its combined modality PET/CT have shown their potential in the diagnosis of urological malignancies. However, further studies are needed to establish the role of PET in the management of these diseases. Future applications of PET may involve fusion techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging with PET.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是一种使用放射性示踪剂来显示组织代谢活性变化的诊断工具。我们分析了 PET 和正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）在泌尿系统肿瘤的诊断、分期和随访中的作用。
对 PET 和 PET/CT 在泌尿肿瘤学中的作用进行了批判性的、非结构化的文献综述。
PET 和 PET/CT 可以在泌尿系统恶性肿瘤的治疗中发挥作用。对于前列腺癌，放射性示踪剂的进展似乎很有前景，新型放射性示踪剂比 18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG）产生更好的诊断和分期结果。在肾癌中，PET 和 PET/CT 可以在手术标本的病理检查之前进行准确的诊断。对于睾丸癌，PET 和 PET/CT 已被证明在精原细胞瘤的治疗中有用。在膀胱癌中，这些扫描可以更好地对浸润性癌症进行初始诊断，并检测隐匿性转移。
PET 及其结合模态 PET/CT 已经显示出在泌尿系统恶性肿瘤诊断中的潜力。然而，需要进一步的研究来确定 PET 在这些疾病治疗中的作用。PET 的未来应用可能涉及到与 PET 融合的技术，如磁共振成像。
