Department of Psychology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2011 Jan;84(1):67-75. doi: 10.1007/s00420-010-0601-8. Epub 2010 Nov 16.
The aims of this study are (1) to investigate the incidence of the symptoms of Vicarious Traumatization in a group of rescue workers; (2) to explore some of the main predictors of Engagement and Vicarious Traumatization; and (3) to identify the individual and organizational factors able to improve the state of well-being of those working in the helping professions.
A total of 782 rescue workers, involved in critical operations of various kinds in constant contact with traumatized subjects, were investigated applying the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Scale (MBI-GS) and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS).
The post-traumatic symptoms most frequently reported were those of an intrusive nature. A partial overlap emerged between the predictors of Vicarious Traumatization and Engagement: if compared with social and demographic characteristics and with the degree of commitment required by the work, organizational variables would appear to have the greatest influence over the two constructs. A supportive working environment in particular favors Engagement, reducing the probability of developing Burnout.
The results confirm the hypotheses that Engagement and Vicarious Traumatization are primarily determined by organizational variables, and, particularly, by the level of job support.
本研究旨在：（1）调查一组救援人员中替代性创伤症状的发生率；（2）探讨一些影响投入和替代性创伤的主要预测因素；（3）确定能够改善助人职业工作者幸福感的个体和组织因素。
本研究共调查了 782 名救援人员，他们参与了各种危急行动，与创伤受者保持持续接触，通过应用职业倦怠量表（MBI-GS）和二次创伤应激量表（STSS）对他们进行了调查。
报告的最常见创伤后症状是侵入性症状。替代性创伤和投入的预测因素之间存在部分重叠：与社会人口特征和工作要求的投入程度相比，组织变量似乎对这两个结构具有最大的影响。特别是支持性的工作环境有利于投入，降低了倦怠的可能性。
结果证实了投入和替代性创伤主要由组织变量决定，特别是由工作支持水平决定的假设。
