Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 16;107(46):19627-32. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1011163107.
Increasing food production and mitigating climate change are two primary but seemingly contradictory objectives for tropical landscapes. This special feature examines synergies and trade-offs among these objectives. Four themes emerge from the papers: the important roles of both forest and agriculture sectors for climate mitigation in tropical countries; the minor contribution from deforestation-related agricultural expansion to overall food production at global and continental scales; the opportunities for synergies between improved food production and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through diversion of agricultural expansion to already-cleared lands, improved soil, crop, and livestock management, and agroforestry; and the need for targeted policy and management interventions to make these synergistic opportunities a reality. We conclude that agricultural intensification is a key factor to meet dual objectives of food production and climate mitigation, but there is no single panacea for balancing these objectives in all tropical landscapes. Place-specific strategies for sustainable land use emerge from assessments of current land use, demographics, and other biophysical and socioeconomic characteristics, using a whole-landscape, multisector perspective.
增加粮食产量和缓解气候变化是热带景观的两个主要但看似矛盾的目标。本专题探讨了这些目标之间的协同作用和权衡取舍。这些论文提出了四个主题：森林和农业部门在热带国家气候缓解方面的重要作用；与森林砍伐相关的农业扩张对全球和大陆尺度粮食总产量的贡献较小；通过将农业扩张转向已开垦土地、改善土壤、作物和牲畜管理以及农林业，实现粮食生产改善和温室气体排放减少之间协同增效的机会；以及需要有针对性的政策和管理干预措施，使这些协同增效的机会成为现实。我们的结论是，农业集约化是实现粮食生产和气候缓解双重目标的关键因素，但在所有热带景观中，没有一种单一的万能方法可以平衡这些目标。通过从土地利用、人口统计以及其他生物物理和社会经济特征的整体景观、多部门角度进行评估，出现了针对可持续土地利用的具体地点战略。
