Costa G
Dipartimento di Medicina del Lavoro Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Università di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2010 Oct-Dec;32(4):454-7.
The International Agency on Research on Cancer (IARC) has recently classified "shiftwork that involves circadian disruption" as "probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A) on the basis of "limited evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of shift-work that involves nightwork", and "sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of light during the daily dark period (biological night)". The epidemiologic evidence of a relationship between shift and night work and breast cancer in women is based upon nine studies, six of which suggest a moderately increased risk to develop breast cancer after prolonged exposure to shift and night work. The aim of this paper is to summarize the possible physio-pathological mechanisms (internal disruption of biological circadian rhythms and clock genes, melatonin suppression through light by night, sleep deprivation) and the problems connected with a proper risk assessment of the risk for breast cancer risk in women shift workers.
国际癌症研究机构（IARC）最近将“涉及昼夜节律紊乱的轮班工作”归类为“对人类很可能致癌”（2A组），依据是“人类中关于涉及夜间工作的轮班工作致癌性的证据有限”，以及“实验动物中关于日常黑暗期（生物夜间）光照致癌性的充分证据”。关于轮班和夜间工作与女性乳腺癌之间关系的流行病学证据基于9项研究，其中6项表明，长期从事轮班和夜间工作后患乳腺癌的风险会适度增加。本文旨在总结可能的生理病理机制（生物昼夜节律和生物钟基因的内部紊乱、夜间光照导致褪黑素分泌受抑制、睡眠剥夺）以及与对女性轮班工作者患乳腺癌风险进行恰当风险评估相关的问题。
