Sun Honglei, Qin Mei, Xiao Yihong, Yang Feng, Ni Wei, Liu Sidang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
Acta Vet Hung. 2010 Dec;58(4):441-51. doi: 10.1556/AVet.58.2010.4.5.
An outbreak of simultaneously occurring haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma was observed in a commercial layer flock in China. The sick chickens were extremely thin and dehydrated. Scattered haemangiomas were found on the claws, breast and wings. At necropsy, haemangiomas and some other nodular tumours were also found in the internal organs. In addition, diffuse enlargement of the liver and spleen appeared in some birds. Histopathologically, haemangiomas were typically cavernous haemangiomas and haemangioendothelioma. In the diffusely swollen liver and spleen, multifocal or widespread marrow tumour cells filled with ball-like acidophilic particles in cytosol were observed, which are the characteristic pathological changes of avian myelocytomatosis. The nodular tumour cells formed by muscle bundles were of variable size, irregular shape, poorly differentiated and malaligned. Immunohistochemistry for vimentin, cytokeratin, actin (smooth muscle) and actin (sarcomeric) and Masson's staining confirmed the different cell lineage of the nodular tumour, thus leading to the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. The seroprevalence of avian leukosis subgroup J (ALV-J) antibodies was 13.46% (7/52), while ALV-A/B and reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) antibodies were not detectable. The DF-1 cells inoculated by virus extracted from liver samples from 24 infected chickens were cultured and the group-specific antigen (GSA) was identified by ELISA. All samples were positive for ALV, which was further identified as ALV-J by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). PCR analysis revealed that three isolates of ALV-J proviral sequence were close to the HPRS-103 prototype strain and other Chinese field strains isolated in recent years, while one isolate (DP01) had a lower homology with them. This is the first report that ALV-J infection caused the simultaneous occurrence of haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma in a commercial layer flock.
在中国一个商品蛋鸡群中观察到同时发生血管瘤、平滑肌肉瘤和骨髓瘤的疫情。患病鸡极度消瘦且脱水。在爪子、胸部和翅膀上发现散在的血管瘤。尸检时，在内脏器官中也发现了血管瘤和其他一些结节性肿瘤。此外，一些鸡出现肝脏和脾脏弥漫性肿大。组织病理学上，血管瘤典型为海绵状血管瘤和血管内皮瘤。在弥漫性肿大的肝脏和脾脏中，观察到多灶性或广泛性骨髓肿瘤细胞，其胞质内充满球状嗜酸性颗粒，这是禽骨髓细胞瘤病的特征性病理变化。由肌束形成的结节性肿瘤细胞大小不一、形状不规则、分化差且排列紊乱。波形蛋白、细胞角蛋白、肌动蛋白（平滑肌）和肌动蛋白（肌节）的免疫组化以及Masson染色证实了结节性肿瘤的不同细胞谱系，从而诊断为平滑肌肉瘤。禽白血病J亚群（ALV-J）抗体的血清阳性率为13.46%（7/52），而未检测到ALV-A/B和网状内皮组织增殖症病毒（REV）抗体。对从24只感染鸡的肝脏样本中提取的病毒接种DF-1细胞进行培养，并通过ELISA鉴定群特异性抗原（GSA）。所有样本的ALV检测均为阳性，通过免疫荧光试验（IFA）进一步鉴定为ALV-J。PCR分析显示，3株ALV-J前病毒序列分离株与HPRS-103原型株以及近年来分离的其他中国田间毒株接近，而1株分离株（DP01）与它们的同源性较低。这是首次报道ALV-J感染导致商品蛋鸡群同时发生血管瘤、平滑肌肉瘤和骨髓瘤。
