Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 2-16 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 May 1;115(1-2):30-4. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.009. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
'Enjoyment' and 'addiction' have been proposed as opposing reasons why people continue to smoke despite the manifest dangers. This study examined the roles of these as barriers to smoking cessation.
2257 smokers taking part in a national household survey completed postal-follow-up questionnaires 6 months later. Enjoyment of smoking was measured at baseline as was strength of urges to smoke during a normal smoking day as a subjective marker of addiction. Smoking status, quit attempts and quit success were assessed at follow-up. Data on age, sex, social grade and method of cessation support used were also collected. Associations between baseline measures and smoking outcomes were assessed using logistic regression.
Only enjoyment of smoking predicted whether a quit attempt was made (OR=0.70, p<0.001, 95% CI=0.62-0.78) and only strength of urges to smoke predicted whether a quit attempt was successful (OR=0.70, p<0.001, 95% CI=0.57-0.87). This pattern of results remained when controlling for sociodemographic factors and method of support used.
Both enjoyment of smoking and strength of urges to smoke are important in the smoking cessation process, but in different ways. Interventions to promote cessation need to address both in order to maximise the rate of quit attempts and their chances of success.
“享受”和“上瘾”被认为是人们尽管知道吸烟有明显危害却仍继续吸烟的两个相反原因。本研究检验了这两个因素作为戒烟障碍的作用。
2257 名吸烟者参与了一项全国性的家庭调查，6 个月后通过邮寄问卷进行随访。在基线时测量吸烟的享受程度，以及在正常吸烟日吸烟的冲动强度，作为上瘾的主观标志物。在随访时评估吸烟状况、戒烟尝试和戒烟成功情况。还收集了年龄、性别、社会阶层和使用的戒烟支持方法等数据。使用逻辑回归评估基线测量值与吸烟结果之间的关联。
只有吸烟的享受程度预测了戒烟尝试的可能性（OR=0.70，p<0.001，95%CI=0.62-0.78），只有吸烟冲动的强度预测了戒烟尝试的成功率（OR=0.70，p<0.001，95%CI=0.57-0.87）。在控制社会人口因素和使用的支持方法后，这一结果模式仍然存在。
吸烟的享受程度和吸烟冲动的强度在戒烟过程中都很重要，但作用方式不同。为了最大限度地提高戒烟尝试的成功率，干预措施需要同时针对这两个因素。
