Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2011 Oct;6(5):556-63. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsq085. Epub 2010 Nov 29.
We investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin (OXT) on trust and cooperation in borderline personality disorder (BPD), a disorder marked by interpersonal instability and difficulties with cooperation. Although studies in healthy adults show that intranasal OXT increases trust, individuals with BPD may show an altered response to exogenous OXT because the effects of OXT on trust and pro-social behavior may vary depending on the relationship representations and expectations people possess and/or altered OXT system functioning in BPD. BPD and control participants received intranasal OXT and played a social dilemma game with a partner. Results showed that OXT produced divergent effects in BPD participants, decreasing trust and the likelihood of cooperative responses. Additional analyses focusing on individual differences in attachment anxiety and avoidance across BPD and control participants indicate that these divergent effects were driven by the anxiously attached, rejection-sensitive participants. These data suggest that OXT does not uniformly facilitate trust and pro-social behavior in humans; indeed, OXT may impede trust and pro-social behavior depending on chronic interpersonal insecurities, and/or possible neurochemical differences in the OXT system. Although popularly dubbed the 'hormone of love', these data suggest a more circumspect answer to the question of who will benefit from OXT.
我们研究了鼻内催产素（OXT）对边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者信任和合作的影响，BPD 以人际关系不稳定和合作困难为特征。尽管健康成年人的研究表明鼻内 OXT 会增加信任，但 BPD 患者可能对外源性 OXT 产生不同的反应，因为 OXT 对信任和亲社会行为的影响可能取决于人们拥有的关系代表和期望，以及 BPD 中 OXT 系统功能的改变。BPD 和对照组参与者接受了鼻内 OXT 治疗，并与一名搭档玩了一个社会困境游戏。结果表明，OXT 对 BPD 参与者产生了不同的影响，降低了信任度和合作反应的可能性。针对 BPD 和对照组参与者的依恋焦虑和回避的个体差异进行的额外分析表明，这些不同的影响是由焦虑依恋、易受拒绝的参与者驱动的。这些数据表明，OXT 并不会在人类中统一促进信任和亲社会行为；实际上，OXT 可能会阻碍信任和亲社会行为，具体取决于慢性人际不安全感，以及 OXT 系统中可能存在的神经化学差异。尽管 OXT 被通俗地称为“爱的荷尔蒙”，但这些数据对谁将从 OXT 中受益的问题给出了更谨慎的答案。
